园林废弃物地表覆盖对龙船花生长发育的影响  

Effects of Green-waste Mulches on Growth of Ixora chinensis Lam

作　　者：潘松 赵玉梅 袁峰均 史正军[1,2] PAN Song;ZHAO Yumei;YUAN Fengjun;SHI Zhengjun(Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004,China;Shenzhen Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station,National Forestry and Grassland Ad-ministration,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园/深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室,广东深圳518004 [2]广东深圳城市森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广东深圳518004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第4期766-773,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFE0193200);深圳市城管和综合执法局科研项目(No.202018);仙湖植物园科研基金项目(No.FLSF-2021-03)。

摘　　要：利用植物残体进行地表覆盖是农林生产中采用的普遍方式,对于土壤水分保持、改善土壤肥力条件、促进植物生长及解决表土裸露问题等均具有显著效果。园林废弃物用于城市绿地地表覆盖是近年来国内外园林行业关注的焦点,并且是继堆肥回归土壤之外的主要应用发展方向。目前在园林废弃物覆盖研究和应用方面主要侧重于堆肥化后覆盖、染色覆盖等,而鲜有对不同组分原生材料覆盖效果进行系统比较的研究报道。为探明经简易加工后的园林废弃物原生材料覆盖对植物生长发育的影响,本研究以龙船花(Ixora chinensis Lam.)为研究对象,将园林废弃物分为4种组分材料(草屑、树叶、枝叶、树枝),经粉碎、晾干后作为原生覆盖材料进行试验,设置3个覆盖厚度(3、6、9 cm),并以无覆盖的裸土为对照。植物生长维护21个月后,分析不同覆盖处理对龙船花地上部植株的生长参数、矿质养分含量和叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,覆盖处理明显提高了龙船花的株高、茎粗、生物量、SPAD,以及茎、叶的氮含量,各处理植株茎、叶的磷含量和茎的钾含量因覆盖材料类型与厚度不同而有差异,但对叶片钾含量无明显影响。相关性分析表明,龙船花的各生长参数指标与茎、叶的氮含量与SPAD两两间呈极显著正相关,磷含量与鲜叶质量呈显著正相关。通过主成分分析综合评价表明,覆盖处理对龙船花各指标的综合表现均优于对照,并可根据主成分综合得分将其分为两类,一类为对龙船花促生效果较好的处理,分别是3、6、9 cm厚度的枝叶、树枝,6、9 cm厚度的树叶覆盖处理,另一类为对龙船花促生效果相对较差的处理,分别是3、6、9 cm厚度的草屑,3 cm厚度的树叶覆盖处理。综上,本研究通过对龙船花生长影响的指标比较评价,筛选出适宜用作有机覆盖物的园林废弃物原生�Mulching with plant residues is a common method used in agricultural and forestry production,which has significant effects on soil moisture conservation,soil fertility improvement,plant growth promotion and solving the problem of soil bareness.In recent years,the application of green waste to urban green land mulching is the focus of landscape industry in China and abroad and the main application and development direction of compost besides return-ing to soil.At present,the research and application of green waste mulch mainly focus on composting mulch and dyeing mulch,and there are few reports on the systematic comparison of the mulch effects of different components of native materials.For proven after simple processing green waste native materials mulching influence on plant growth,taking Ixora chinensis Lam.as the research object,the green wastes were collected according to turfgrass clippings(TCS),leaves(LVS),mixture of branches and leaves(MBL),branches(BCS),and then were crushed,air-dried as native mulches material to test and set up three mulching thickness(3 cm,6 cm and 9 cm),with bare soil without mulch as the control.The effects of different treatments on growth parameters,mineral nutrients and SPAD of above-ground parts of I.chinensis Lam.were analyzed after 21 months of planting.The results showed that compared with the control,mulches significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,biomass,SPAD and N content in stem and leaf of I.chinensis Lam.The variation trend of P content in stem and leaf and K content in stem of each treatment was different due to the difference of mulch material type and thickness,but had no obvious effect on leaf K content.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between the growth parameters and the N content of stems and leaves and SPAD,and the P content was significant positive correlated with the weight of fresh leaves.Comprehensive evaluation by principal component analysis indicated that mulches treatments on

关 键 词：园林废弃物 有机覆盖物 龙船花 生长参数 植物养分 SPAD 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]