热带典型有机物料对砖红壤理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Tropical Typical Organic Materials on Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Community Structure of Laterite Soils

作　　者：宋书会 焦静[1] 李普旺 王超 何祖宇 周闯 刘运浩 张宇晗 李云娜[3] 杨子明 SONG Shuhui;JIAO Jing;LI Puwang;WANG Chao;HE Zuyu;ZHOU Chuang;LIU Yunhao;ZHANG Yuhan;LI Yunna;YANG Ziming(South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Nutrition of Hainan Province,Zhanjiang,Guangdong,524091,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510642,China;Tea Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agri-cultural Sciences,Yunnan,Kunming,650205,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所/海南省热带作物营养重点实验室,广东湛江524091 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第4期834-845,共12页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(No.320QN324,No.320MS090,No.421MS078)。

摘　　要：为了明确热带典型有机物料对砖红壤理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响,本研究选取菠萝茎叶、椰糠、香蕉茎叶、有机肥为供试材料,开展为期90 d的混土培养试验,以砖红壤为对照,分析有机物料对土壤pH、有效磷,团聚体、微生物群落结构变化及酶活性的影响。结果表明,香蕉茎叶和有机肥能够提高土壤pH和有效磷含量,菠萝茎叶短期内加剧土壤酸化。菠萝茎叶和香蕉茎叶均有助于促进直径>0.25 mm团聚体的形成。菠萝茎叶、香蕉茎叶和有机肥均能提高土壤木糖苷酶、纤维素酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性,以及土壤G^(+)菌、G^(–)菌、真核生物和真菌的数量,其中香蕉茎叶和菠萝茎叶培养的土壤中G^(+)菌平均占比为27.8%,高于CK中G^(+)菌(21.4%)。与CK相比,香蕉茎叶、菠萝茎叶、椰糠、有机肥中的真菌比例分别提高300.2%、232.1%,165.0%和51.9%。施用有机肥明显提高AM真菌的比例,菠萝茎叶和香蕉茎叶均有助于增加土壤中的真核生物数量。投入有机物料中的半纤维素含量和土壤pH分别解释了70.8%和8.5%的微生物群落结构变异。In order to clarify the effects of tropical organic materials on the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of latosol,pineapple leaves,banana stems,coconut husk and organic fertilizer were selected as the test materials in this study and carried out organic materials-soil mixture incubation experiment with 90-day.After that,the effects of organic materials on soil pH,available phosphorus,aggregate,microbial community structure change and enzyme activity were compared with those of CK.The results showed that banana stems and organic fertilizer could increase soil pH value and available phosphorus content,and pineapple leaf aggravated soil acidification in the short term.Pineapple leaves and banana stems were helpful to promoting the formation of diameter>0.25 mm aggregates.Pineapple leaves,banana stems and organic fertilizer increased the activities of soil xylanase,cellulase and leucine aminopeptidase,as well as the G^(+)strains,G^(-)strains,eukaryotes and fungi in soil.The average proportion of G^(+)strains in banana stems and pineapple leaves was 27.8%higher than that in CK(21.4%).Compared with CK,the proportion of fungi in banana stalk,pineapple leaf,coconut bran and organic fertilizer increased by 300.2%,232.1%,165.0%and 51.9%,respectively.The application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the proportion of AM fungi,while pineapple leaves and banana stems helped to increase the number of eukaryotic organisms in soil.

关 键 词：热带 有机物料 砖红壤 理化性质 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]