广西猫儿山高山湿地植物区系特征与群落演替进程  

Floristic Characteristics and Community Succession in Alpine Wet-land of Mao’er Mountain,Guangxi,China

作　　者：黄歆怡 谢强[2] 丁丽琼 谢振兴[1] 陆祖正[1] 谢彦军 余炳宁[1] HUANG Xinyi;XIE Qiang;DING Liqiong;XIE Zhenxing;LU Zuzheng;XIE Yanjun;YU Bingning(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China;College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China;College of Chemistry and Bioengineering,Hechi University,Yizhou,Guangxi 546300,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001 [2]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [3]河池学院化学与生物工程学院,广西宜州546300

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第4期846-857,共12页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(No.2022GXNSFBA035455);广西农科院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022YM15);广西农科院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2021YT152)。

摘　　要：采用样方调查法对广西猫儿山高山湿地湿生草本植物到木本植物阶段的群落类型、物种多样性、演替度和径级结构进行分析,探究植物区系特征与群落演替进程与趋势。结果共记录到维管植物136种,隶属于62科103属,单属科、单种属所占比例大。物种组成的地理成分较为复杂,属的地理分布兼具热带、亚热带和北温带的过渡特征,包含中国特有分布的3个属及特有树种铁杉,多样性程度较高。铁杉湿地很少见,该区域的铁杉湿地却保持得非常原始,保护意义重大。植物种类数量一般会随着演替进程先增加后减少,在演替中后期出现最大值,植物种类丰富度高低并不能很准确地衡量群落的演替程度。根据重要值划分植物群系,比较各演替度,推测出该区域湿生草本植物到木本植物阶段的演替顺序为笄石菖草丛→条穗薹草草丛→尾叶悬钩子灌丛→中华槭灌丛→华西箭竹灌丛→针阔混交林铁杉群落→常绿阔叶林褐叶青冈+山桂花群落→常绿落叶混交林吴茱萸五加林群落,为自然条件下的正向演替。演替的最终结果会形成顶级群落。分析乔木群落优势种的径级结构,在乔木群落阶段演替进程中,各优势种群落发展趋势为铁杉群落波动较大,褐叶青冈和山桂花为稳定群落,以吴茱萸五加为主要落叶树种的种群发展有衰退趋势。故猫儿山高山湿地自然植被还处在进展演替中,未形成最终稳定的森林群落。Based on the investigation of communities,the community type,species composition,diversity,succession degree and diameter breast-high structure of alpine wetland from wet herbaceous to woody plant stage in alpine wetland of Mao’er Mountain,Guangxi and exploring the succession process and trends of plant communities were analyzed us-ing the quadrat method.136 vascular plant species,belonging to 103 genera and 62 families,were recorded in the sur-vey area.The proportion of single family and single species was large.Simpson index was high and the species diversity was rich.It had important status and high research value in the alpine wetland of Mao’er Mountain.The geographical composition of species was complex,with transitional characteristics of tropical,subtropical and north temperate zones,which containing the endemic genera of Latouchea,Notoseris and Tsuga chinensis.Wetlands of T.chinensis was rare,and the wetlands in this area remained pristine,which had great conservation significance.It was a composite structure which including grass,scrub and tree layers.Flora was divided several different communities by calculating the impor-tance values of the species.Plant species richness was not an accurate measure of community succession.The number of plant species generally increased and then decreased as succession progresses.And the maximum value occurred in the middle and late period of succession.It can be inferred that the succession sequence from wet herbaceous plant stage to woody plant stage is Juncus prismatocarpus grass→Carex nemostachys grass→Rubus caudifolius shrub→Acer sinense shrub→Fargesia nitida shrub→theropencedrymion of T.chinensis community→laurilignosa of Cyclobalanopsis stew-ardiana+Bennettiodendron leprosipes community→Mixed evergreen deciduous forest of Gamblea ciliata var.Evodi-aefolia community.It was the forward succession under natural conditions.By analyzing the DBH structure of the dominant species in tree communities,the community succession was in process.T.chinensis c

关 键 词：区系特征 多样性 群落演替 高山湿地 猫儿山 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]