氮肥添加对黑钙土酸度变化及酸碱缓冲性能的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the acidity and acid-base buffering of chernozem with different acidity

作　　者：李宜联 郭策 郭媛 贺秀娟 赵兴敏[1] 王鸿斌[1] 隋标[1] LI Yilian;GUO Ce;GUO Yuan;HE Xiujuan;ZHAO Xingmin;WANG Hongbin;Sui Biao(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Jilin Commodity Grain Base,Changchun 13018,China;Urumqi Jingcheng Testing Technology Co.LTD,Urumqi 830022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验,长春130118 [2]乌鲁木齐京诚检测技术有限公司,乌鲁木齐830022

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第3期75-82,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0300201);吉林省重大科技专项课题(20200503004SF)。

摘　　要：以pH为5.38、6.54、7.16和8.11(依次编号为A、B、C和D)的黑钙土为研究对象,采用室内恒温培养法,研究氮肥(尿素、磷酸二铵)添加对黑钙土酸度变化及酸碱缓冲性能的影响。结果表明,模拟3年施肥量条件下,施加尿素和磷酸二铵分别使4种黑钙土的pH值下降了0.44、0.51、0.61、0.36和0.52、0.55、0.86、0.42个单位。对4种土壤而言,pH值降低程度的大小顺序依次为C>B≥A>D。施加氮肥后,D土壤样品的pH值仍呈碱性,故未检测出交换性酸、H+、Al3+。施加尿素和磷酸二铵使A、B、C土壤样品的交换性酸含量分别增加了0.07、0.94、3.62倍和0.23、0.74、2.93倍,交换性H+含量分别增加了0.12、1.14、7.27倍和0.26、0.97、4.73倍,交换性Al3+含量分别增加了0.15、0.77、2.35倍和0.21、0.54、2.29倍。交换性酸、H+、Al3+含量增加程度的大小顺序均为C>B>A。添加尿素的黑钙土交换性酸、H+、Al3+含量与添加磷酸二铵的无显著差异。尿素和磷酸二铵添加后,4个土壤样品的酸碱缓冲容量分别下降了2.82%、10.27%、3.24%、2.99%和2.26%、3.80%、3.70%、3.94%,且两种肥料的影响无显著差异。黑钙土酸碱缓冲容量与土壤pH、有机质含量呈极显著正相关,与土壤交换性H+、AI3+含量呈显著负相关。总之,氮肥添加不同程度上提升了不同酸度黑钙土的交换性酸、H+、Al3+含量,降低了土壤pH值和酸碱缓冲容量。Chernozem with pH 5.38,6.54,7.16 and 8.11(No.A,B,C and D)were selected as the research object.The effects of nitrogen fertilizer(urea,diammonium phosphate)addition on the acidity change and acid-base buffing performance of chernozem were studied by constant temperature culture test.The results showed that urea and diammonium phosphate reduced the pH values of the four chernozems by 0.72,0.53,0.94,0.44 and 0.89,0.58,1.18 and 0.54 units,respectively.For the four soils,the degree of pH reduction was in the order of C>B≥A>D.After the application of nitrogen fertilizer,the pH of sample D was still alkaline,so no exchangeable acid,H+or Al3+were detected.The exchangeable acid content of soil samples A,B and C increased by 0.07,0.94,3.62 times,0.23,0.74,2.93 times,exchangeable H+by 0.12,1.14,7.27 times,0.26,0.97,4.73 times,exchangeable Al3+by 0.15,0.77,2.35 times,0.21,0.54,2.29 times,respectively.This indicated that the increase of exchangeable acid,H+and Al3+in chernozem after the addition of nitrogen fertilizer followed the order of C>B>A.As considering the addition of urea and diammonium phosphate,the contents of exchangable acid,H+and Al3+in chernozemic showed no significant difference.The contents of exchangeable acid,H+and Al3+of chernozem were increased with the decrease of soil pH value in the neutral and acidic range.After the addition of urea and diammonium phosphate,the acid-base buffer capacities of the four soil samples were decreased by 2.82%,10.27%,3.24%,2.99%and 2.26%,3.80%,3.70%and 3.94%,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the addition of urea and diammonium phosphate.The acid-base buffer capacity of chernozem was significantly positively correlated with soil pH and organic matter content and negatively correlated with soil exchangeable H+and AI3+.In conclusion,the addition of nitrogen fertilizer promoted the contents of exchangeable acid,H+and Al3+of chernozem to different degrees,and reduced the soil pH value and acid-buffer capacity.

关 键 词：黑钙土 氮肥 PH值 交换性酸 酸碱缓冲容量 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]