基于峭度谱的口环碰摩声特征提取与试验验证  

Feature extraction and experimental verification of wear ring rubbing based on Kurtogram spectrum

作　　者：汪琳琳 武鹏[1] 何伟挺 吴大转[1] 单岩[1] WANG Linlin;WU Peng;HE Weiting;WU Dazhuan;SHAN Yan(Institute of Process Equipment,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310027,China;Zhejiang Supcon Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化工机械研究所,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江中控技术股份有限公司,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2023年第5期445-453,共9页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C03133)。

摘　　要：为避免离心泵口环与叶轮之间发生碰摩,对口环碰摩故障提供预警,提出一种能够准确识别和诊断口环碰摩异常现象的特征提取方法.以动静环碰摩动力学机理为基础,结合声信号与谱峭度分析,建立离心泵口环-叶轮碰摩的故障声信号模型.构造不同的工况信号,从信噪比、随机滑动程度2个角度,对峭度谱算法进行性能分析.在满足水介质、可调偏心、环形部件碰摩的条件下,搭建模拟离心泵运行特性的动静环摩擦试验台,进行不同碰摩程度试验.研究结果表明:声信号结合峭度谱的特征提取方法对于强噪声和随机滑动干扰具有较好鲁棒性,可有效提取口环碰摩噪声特征信号;对不同碰摩程度的信号可解调出特征频率,根据调制频率幅值以及冲击频率的变化来判断碰摩的严重程度.研究结果能够支撑口环碰摩故障的预警,可为声信号特征提取方法与诊断算法的有效性提供一定理论依据.To avoid rubbing between the impeller and the wear ring of centrifugal pump and provide early warning for rubbing failure of wear ring,based on the dynamic mechanism of rub impact between rotor and stator ring,a fault acoustic signal model of rub impact between impeller and ring of centrifugal pump was established,and a diagnostic method combining acoustic signal and spectral kurtosis analysis was proposed.The performance of spectral kurtosis algorithm was analyzed from the aspects of signal-to-noise ratio and random slip degree by constructing signals under different working conditions.In addition,a dynamic and static ring friction test-bed simulating the operating characteristics of centrifugal pump was built to meet the conditions of water medium,adjustable eccentricity,and ring component rubbing,and experimental analysis of different rubbing degrees was carried out.The results show that the feature extraction method of acoustic signal combined with spectral kurtosis is robust to strong noise and random sliding interference,and can effectively extract the feature signal of wear ring rub impact noise.At the same time,the characteristic frequency can be demodulated for the signals with different degrees of rubbing,and the severity of rubbing can be judged according to the amplitude of modulation frequency and the change of impact frequency.Therefore,the method described can support the early warning of the rub impact fault of the wear ring,and provide technical support for the effectiveness of the acoustic signal feature extraction and diagnosis algorithm.

关 键 词：离心泵 口环 叶轮 碰摩故障 声信号 峭度谱 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TH136[农业科学—农业工程]