典型沙源区水库周边大气干沉降重金属污染特征及风险评价  

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and risk assessment of atmospheric dust around reservoir in typical sand source area

作　　者：王怡 卢俊平[1,2] 刘廷玺 贾永芹[1,2] 吴越 石震宇[1] WANG Yi;LU Junping;LIU Tingxi;JIA Yongqin;WU Yue;SHI Zhenyu(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018;Water Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,土木与水利建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第4期190-199,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51869021,52260029);内蒙古自治区教育厅科技英才项目(No.NJYT22040);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(No.2022MS05053);内蒙古自治区教育厅项目(No.NJZY21476)。

摘　　要：为研究沙源区大河口水源水库大气干沉降重金属的季节性污染变化特征,评价研究区周边潜在生态风险及对人体健康的危害程度,于研究区布设8个代表性采样点,分季度采集大气沉降样品,对样品中的Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni、Zn等重金属含量进行分析测定,对研究区大气干沉降重金属污染状况进行评价,并选用USEPA模型开展人体健康风险评价.结果显示,研究区大气干沉降重金属Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni、Zn的含量分别为研究区土壤值的21.34、17.13、3.94、3.76、1.56倍,年沉降通量分别为24.07、43.23、31.76、14.87、10.67 mg·m^(-2)·a^(-1).除第三季度属于轻微生态危害风险状态外,其余3个季度均处于中等生态危害风险状态,且干沉降对农用地土壤存在污染风险.判断沙源区大风风沙及大规模的燃煤排放烟尘是造成春、冬季Pb含量升高的主要原因,季节性风沙对Cr、Ni、Zn含量变化具有重要影响作用.各项非致癌风险指数(HI)均小于1,但儿童的非致癌风险指数是成人的7倍,Cr对儿童存在致癌风险.In order investigate characteristics of the seasonal pollution heavy metals in dustfall of Dahekou Reservoir and evaluate the potential ecological risk impacts and the degree of human health hazards,eight sampling sites have been set up.In addition,samples of atmospheric precipitation were collected quarterly.The contents of Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni and Zn heavy metals in the samples were analyzed and determined,Furthermore,the pollution status of heavy metals in atmospheric precipitation of the research area was evaluated.Besides,risk assessment of human health was conducted based on USEPA model.The contents of Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni and Zn in the atmospheric dusts in the study area exceed 21.34,17.13,3.94,3.76 and 1.56 times higher than the background value.Except for the autumn,which belongs to slight ecological hazard risk,the other three quarters were in medium ecological hazard.There was a potential risk of contamination of the soil of agricultural land.The large-scale exhaust gas from coal-fired was the primary cause of lead concentration increase in spring and winter.Apart from that,seasonal sand played an important role in the data fluctuations of Cr,Ni and Zn.Although each non-carcinogenic risk index(HI)was less than 1,the non-carcinogenic risk index of children was 7 times higher than that of adults.Cr is carcinogenic to children.

关 键 词：沙源区 水库 大气干沉降 重金属 生态风险 人体健康危害 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4