短期围栏封育后再利用对草地植物群落的影响  

Effects of grassland reuse after short-term grazing exclusion on plant community

作　　者：张雅娴 樊江文[2] 李愈哲[2] 项潇智 张海燕[2] 王穗子 ZHANG Yaxian;FAN Jiangwen;LI Yuzhe;XIANG Xiaozhi;ZHANG Haiyan;WANG Suizi(Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Institute of Geography and Resources Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,成都610041 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,成都610101

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第8期3295-3306,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导专项(XDA23060405);国家自然科学基金项目(41971276,42007429);西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021NQNCZ25)。

摘　　要：短期围栏封育后再适度利用是当前生态治理工程中使用较多的草地恢复措施,明确其实施效果对后续生态工程的优化调整具有重要意义。目前关于围栏封育和放牧对草地影响的研究较为丰富,但鲜有研究探讨短期围栏封育后再利用对草地的长期影响。以京津风沙源工程2002—2005年间在锡林郭勒地区实施的围栏封育地块为研究对象,通过配对采样调查和遥感数据分析,开展围栏封育期和重新放牧利用期连续近20年的草地植物群落变化研究。结果表明,草地植被高度、覆盖度和地上生物量在3年的围栏封育期内迅速增加,重新放牧利用后这些指标虽有所下降但仍显著高于持续放牧草地,并最终达到稳定状态。2002—2020年间短期围栏封育后再利用地块的植被覆盖度(FVC)整体上呈不显著的增加趋势、净初级生产力(NPP)呈显著增加趋势,FVC和NPP呈增加趋势的地块比例在温性草甸草原区、温性荒漠草原区和温性草原区依次减少。总的来说,3年的围栏封育后再放牧利用对草地植物群落具有一定的恢复作用。Reuse after short-term grazing exclusion(RSTG)is widely used to restore the degraded grassland in ecological engineering.It's vital to understand the effects of RSTG on grassland restoration for optimal adjustment of subsequent projects.There is a growing number of research literature in the effects of grazing exclusion and grazing,while little attention has been devoted to the long-term effects of RSTG on grassland.This study took the grazing exclusion plots of Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Project(2002-2005)in Xilingol as study objects.Based on paired sampling survey and remote sensing data analysis,we studied the variation of grassland plant community in a period of 20 years,including grazing exclusion period and grassland reuse period.Results showed that the height,coverage and aboveground biomass of grassland increased rapidly during 3-year grazing exclusion period,while these indicators,which remained significantly higher than those in continuous grazing plots,decreased slightly and reached a steak state after grassland reuse.There was a non-significantly increasing trend of fractional vegetation cover(FVC)and a significantly increasing trend of net primary productivity(NPP)in RSTG plots during 2002-2020,and the proportion of plots with increasing FVC and NPP decreased in order of temperate meadow,temperate desert steppe and temperate steppe.Generally,reuse after 3-year grazing exclusion could be beneficial to restore grassland community.

关 键 词：围栏封育 草地恢复 群落特征 锡林郭勒草原 京津风沙源工程 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]