线法山:“诗丘”意象在西洋楼园林中的表达  

Mount of Linear Perspective:The Image of Mount Parnassus Expressed in Xi-Yang Lou Gardens

作　　者：薛天[1,2] 陈易 XUE Tian;CHEN Yi

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]米兰理工大学

出　　处：《建筑师》2023年第2期30-39,共10页The Architect

基　　金：国家留学基金委(CSC)资助的博士联合培养项目。

摘　　要：清乾隆年间服务于清宫廷的耶稣会艺术家在圆明园长春园中设计建造的西洋楼园林汇集了多种典型的西方园林建筑类型,展现了丰富的东西方文化内涵。园内的“线法山”是文艺复兴园林中的“诗丘”意象在中国的孤例,其反映了文艺复兴造园手法在中国园林实践中的尝试。本文从“形式—功能”及“符号—内涵”两个维度对这一典型意象进行解读,揭示其在塑造透视学景观的过程中所发挥的作用,以及作为提取自古典文本中的寓言符号对乾隆皇帝这一艺术资助者的颂扬。通过对“线法山—诗丘”意象的讨论,使圆明园西洋楼园林中隐含的设计意图得以呈现,体现了“线法山”这一景观元素在18世纪东西方园林文化交流史上的独特价值。Xi-Yang Lou Gardens designed by the Jesuits in the Qing court exemplify the architectural and gardening exchange between China and Europe in the 18th century,which display rich cultural connotations.As an element of the classical cultural image of the Mount Parnassus,the Mount of Linear Perspective has a specific allegorical reference:the myth of Mount Parnassus of ancient Greece.As the only example in China,it reflects the practice of arts of Renaissance gardens.This research aims to decode its value from both angles of‘form-function’and‘sign-connotation’,namely its role in shaping perspective landscape,its allegorical expression of the praise to the arts patron Qianlong Emperor.By discussing the subject of‘Mount of Linear Perspective-Mount Parnassus’in depth,the implied design intent of Xi-Yang Lou Gardens is revealed.Thus,the Mount of Linear Perspective demonstrates its unique value in the history of the communication between Chinese and European gardening in the 18th century.

关 键 词：线法山 诗丘 西洋楼 圆明园 园林 耶稣会 

分 类 号：TU092[建筑科学]