防控甜瓜枯萎病病菌的生防菌筛选及其根际定殖  

Screening of antagonistic bacteria against muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum and their colonization on rhizosphere

作　　者：李青 谢昶琰 张苗 孙春梅[1] 陈川[1] 章安康[1] LI Qing;XIE Chang-yan;ZHANG Miao;SUN Chun-mei;CHEN Chuan;ZHANG An-kang(Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu Province,Huai’an 223001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2023年第2期336-343,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：淮安市农业科学研究院科研发展基金项目(HNY202017)。

摘　　要：为了开发在农业实践中能够稳定发挥功能的生防菌资源,本研究从甜瓜根际挖掘具有良好根际定殖能力的抗甜瓜枯萎病病菌生防菌株。通过继代培养法、平板对峙法、发芽率测试和盆栽试验筛选出对甜瓜枯萎病有较强防控作用的生防菌株R1-3,经该菌发酵液处理的甜瓜植株对甜瓜枯萎病病菌的防效达50.04%,且菌株发酵液处理能够促进甜瓜植株的生长。根际定殖相关因素的测试结果表明,菌株R1-3能形成强健的生物膜结构且对不同质量浓度的甜瓜根系分泌物均具有显著趋化性,具备良好的根际定殖能力。该菌株对不同植物专化型尖孢镰刀菌和蔓枯病病菌也有一定的抑制作用,且具有分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)、溶解无机磷及耐盐能力。通过菌株16S rDNA序列分析,将R1-3初步确定为芽孢杆菌属细菌(Bacillus sp.)。To explore antagonistic bacterium materials that can play a stable role in agricultural practice,this research aimed to screen antagonistic bacteria against muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum which were easy to colonize in the rhizosphere.Strain R1-3 with strong antagonistic effect against muskmelon F.oxysporum was screened by using successive transfer culture method,plate confrontation method,germination rate test and pot experiment.Muskmelon treated by fermentation solution of R1-3 showed 50.04%control efficiency to muskmelon Fusarium wilt and the treatment could promote the growth of muskmelon.Test results of rhizosphere colonization-related factors showed that,strain R1-3 had fine rhizosphere colonization ability because it could form strong biofilm structure and had significant chemotaxis to musk melon root exudates with different mass concentrations.This strain had inhibitory effects on different plant specialized F.oxysporum and Stagonosporopsis spp.,it also had the abilities of secreting indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),dissolving inorganic phosphorus and salt tolerance.Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA,strain R1-3 was preliminary identified as Bacillus sp..

关 键 词：甜瓜枯萎病 生防菌 防病和促生作用 根际定殖 趋化性 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]