秸秆还田配施不同激发剂对潮土有机碳和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of straw returning combined with different activators on organic carbon and microbial community in fluvo-aquic soil

作　　者：许伟佳 陈林[2,3] 李敬王 赵金花 李含放[2,4] 宁琪 段衍 王敬[1] XU Wei-jia;CHEN Lin;LI Jing-wang;ZHAO Jin-hua;LI Han-fang;NING Qi;DUAN Yan;WANG Jing(College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agricultural Development,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Research Center for Ion Beam Bioengineering and Green Agriculture,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室<中国科学院南京土壤研究所>,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [5]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院离子束生物工程与绿色农业研究中心,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2023年第2期383-392,共10页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42177332、41807093);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题(XDA24020104、XDA28020203);国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：选用黄淮海平原典型潮土,设置只添加秸秆(CK)、秸秆还田配施纸浆(P)、秸秆还田配施樟木屑(CW)、秸秆还田配施鸡粪(CM)、秸秆还田配施木本泥炭(MT)5个试验处理,将土柱原位放于田间。180 d后,测定土壤有机碳及其组分含量、土壤养分含量、碳氮磷相关酶活性、微生物生物量碳含量,利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序分析细菌群落结构,研究秸秆还田配施不同激发剂对潮土有机碳含量提升的主控途径以及细菌群落的影响。结果显示,与CK相比,添加激发剂处理显著提高了土壤有机碳含量,其中MT处理对颗粒态有机碳(POC)含量提升效果最为显著,CM处理对矿物结合态有机碳(MOC)含量提升效果最显著。与CK相比,MT处理土壤碳氮比提高最为显著(15.6%);CW处理在所有处理中单位微生物生物量的β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶活性与β-1,4-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性比值(EEA/MBC_(C/N))、单位微生物生物量的β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶活性与碱性磷酸酶活性的比值(EEA/MBC_(C/P))均最高(P<0.05)。基于微生物群落特性分析发现,与CK相比,CM处理土壤中绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)的相对丰度都有所增加。基于土壤养分、土壤酶活性和微生物群落分析发现,秸秆降解后期,细菌对提升有机碳含量的作用有限。表明秸秆配施不同激发剂还田条件下,土壤有机碳含量提升主控途径有差异,因此合理选择激发剂进行搭配施用,更有助于提高土壤有机碳含量。In this study,typical fluvo-aqua soil of Huang-Huai-Hai plain was selected and the soil columns were placed in the fields in situ through setting five experimental treatments,such as only adding straw(CK),straw returning combined with application of paper pulp(P),straw returning combined with application of camphor wood chips(CW),straw returning combined with application of chicken manure(CM)and straw returning combined with application of woody peat(MT).After 180 days,contents of soil organic carbon and its components,contents of soil nutrients,activities of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus-related enzymes,and contents of microbial biomass carbon were measured.Bacterial community structure was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing,and the main control pathways of straw returning combined with application of different activators on enhancement of organic carbon content in fluvo-aqua soil and the effects on bacterial communities were studied.The results showed that,compared with CK,the treatment of adding activator increased soil organic carbon content significantly,among them,the MT treatment had the most significant increasing effect on particulate organic carbon(POC)content,the CM treatment had the most significant increasing effect on mineral-associated organic carbon(MOC)content.Compared with CK,the MT treatment had the most significantly increasing effect on soil carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N)(15.6%).Among all the treatments,the CW treatment was the highest in consume ratio ofβ-1,4-glucosidase activity toβ-1,4-acetylglucosaminidase activity per unit microbial biomass(EEA/MBC_(C/N))and consume ratio ofβ-1,4-glucosidase activity to alkaline phosphatase activity per unit microbial biomass(EEA/MBC_(C/P))(P<0.05).Based on analysis of microbial community characteristics,it was found that the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadota in soils of CM treatment increased compared with CK.Analysis based on soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities and microbial community revealed that,bacteria playe

关 键 词：秸秆还田 激发剂 有机碳 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]