长三角城市滨江公共空间避雨设施可达性分析——以上海市徐汇滨江绿地为例  

Accessibility to Rain Shelter Facilities in Urban Riverside Public Space of Yangtze River Delta:A Case Study of Xuhui Riverside Public Space in Shanghai

作　　者：左佑 王蕾[2] Zuo You;Wang Lei(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200082,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200082 [2]东北林业大学园林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2023年第2期98-104,共7页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171246);黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(21GLB061)。

摘　　要：避雨设施作为应对突发降雨情况的公共服务设施,其可达性是衡量空间服务效能的重要因素之一。文章选取上海市徐汇滨江绿地避雨设施为研究对象,对不同雨量情景下公众对避雨设施的功能需求与抵达避雨设施的时间成本阈值进行调研,运用费用加权距离法对避雨设施的可达性进行评价。结果表明:1)伴随雨量增大,避雨设施的可达性满意度呈下降趋势。可达性满意区域占比由小雨情景的44.04%下降至大雨情景的17.71%,不满意区域占比由小雨情景的11.29%上升至大雨情景的37.31%。2)徐汇滨江避雨设施的可达性满意区域主要集中在西南部带状滨水区域,不满意区域主要集中在东北部高层建筑与绿化覆盖区域。3)设施等距配置与室外复合型避雨设施的不足是徐汇滨江避雨设施服务效能偏低的主要原因。最后,基于分析结果提出不同雨量情景下的避雨设施提升策略,以期为长三角滨江公共空间避雨设施的功能提升与精准配置提供参考。Rain shelters facilities are the public service facilities for coping with sudden rainfall.Their accessibility is one of the important factors to measure the space service efficiency.This paper selects the rain shelter facilities along the riverside green space in Xuhui,Shanghai,to investigate the public needs of rain shelter functions and the time cost threshold for their arriving at rain shelter facilities under different rainfall scenarios.The cost weighted distance method is used to evaluate the accessibility.The results show that:1)With the increase of rainfall,the public satisfaction of the accessibility to rain shelter facilities shows a downward trend,down from 44.04%in light rain scenario to 17.71%in heavy rain scenario,and the dissatisfaction increases from 11.29%in light rain scenario to 37.31%in heavy rain scenario;2)The strip waterfront area in the southwest of Xuhui riverside is the area receiving the highest satisfaction in terms of the accessibility to the rain shelter,while the high-rise buildings and low green vegetation coverage areas in the northeast are the area with the highest dissatisfaction;and 3)The equidistant facilities and shortage of outdoor compound rain shelter facilities are the main reason for the low efficiency of rain shelters service in Xuhui's riverside area.At last,based on the scenario analysis,strategies for improving rain shelter facilities under different rainfall scenarios are proposed,in order to provide a reference for the functional improvement and precise configuration of rain shelter facilities in public spaces in the Yangtze River Delta.

关 键 词：避雨服务设施 可达性分析 费用加权距离法 上海徐汇滨江绿地 

分 类 号：TU985.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]