西藏小麦三大害虫70年发生动态及警示  

Occurrence Dynamic and Alert of Three Kinds of Wheat Pests in Tibet in the Past 70 Years

作　　者：王保海[1] 翟卿[2] 王文峰[1] 范瑞英[1] 张亚玲[1] 庞博 张欢欢 WANG Baohai;ZHAI Qing;WANG Wenfeng;FAN Ruiying;ZHANG Yaling;PANG Bo;ZHANG Huanhuan(Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tibet Lhasa 850002,China;College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Henan Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院,西藏拉萨850002 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《西藏农业科技》2023年第1期1-4,共4页Tibet Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202001YD0002C)。

摘　　要：在过去的70年,西藏腹地冬小麦从无到有,并大面积地推广应用,产量不断提高。但随之而来的是麦无网长管蚜Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker)、小麦卷叶瘿螨Eriophyes tulipae Ktifen和麦长腿蜘蛛Petrobia latens Müller三大害虫逐步猖獗,导致粮食产量10年徘徊不前,成为西藏有文献记载的、罕见的、最为严重的害虫。这三大害虫历经了20世纪50~70年代发生轻微阶段,20世纪70~90年代发生严重阶段,以及2000年以后发生减轻阶段(前一种害虫发生中度、后两种害虫发生极轻微)。其发生动态同时警示人们在进行生产改革时,要对农业生态系统的影响进行风险评估,制定科学预案。In the past 70 years,winter wheat had developed from nothing in Tibet with large-scale promotion and yield had been improved increasingly.With the increase of planting area,wheat pests are gradually rampant,of which Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker),Eriophyes tulipae Ktifen and Petrobia latens Müller are the most harm kinds.Because of the three kinds of pests,grain yield remains stagnant.So,the three kinds of pests are considered one of the rarest and most serious pests ever documented in Tibet.They experienced a mild stage before the early 1970s,and the severe phase of the 1990s.Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker)is moderate happened,but Eriophyes tulipae Ktifen and Petrobia latens Müller occur lightly around 2000.All of these warn that the importance of risk assessment on the impact of the agricultural ecosystem and formulate scientific plans for production reform.

关 键 词：小麦害虫 生物学特性 发生动态 西藏 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]