横向生态补偿发展现状与对策  

The current development and countermeasures of lateral ecological compensation

作　　者：郭孟奇 徐广才[1,2] GUO Mengqi;XU Guangcai(College of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Agricultural,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Research Center for Rural Revitalization,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院经济管理学院,北京102206 [2]北京乡村振兴研究基地,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2023年第2期81-86,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“北京市横向生态补偿机制建构与政策创新研究”(21GLA009)。

摘　　要：【目的】横向生态补偿是实现区域间资源互补、协同治理的重要手段,对于促进地区基本公共服务均等化与发展权公平化,实现生态与经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。【方法】以横向生态补偿的内涵为切入点,分析国内不同类型横向生态补偿实践做法及面临的问题,在借鉴国外经验的基础上,提出相应对策建议。【结果】目前理论研究集中在补偿对象确定、补偿方式选择、补偿标准测算以及补偿绩效评价等四个方面,实践探索环节围绕森林、流域、区域间展开。中国横向生态补偿实际存在相关法律规章制度缺位、缺乏横向协同组织机构、长效补偿机制亟待完善、社会公众参与程度较低等问题。【结论】在此基础上提出未来研究重点在于完善横向生态补偿法律法规体系,设立横向生态补偿协同管理机构,加大社会化力量参与程度,建构横向生态补偿长效体制机制。[Objective]Lateral ecological compensation(LEC)is of great magnitude to realize inter-regional resource complementarity and collaborative governance,which is significant to promote the equalization of basic public services and the equity of development right among regions,and implement the sustainable improvement of ecology and economy.[Methods]Taking the connotation of the LEC as the breakthrough point,the paper sorts out the practices and existing troubles in the actual operation of different types of the LEC in China.Based on experience from other countries,it puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to explore the enhancement path.[Results]The results show that the theoretical studies focus on four aspects including determination of compensation objects,selection of compensation approaches,measurement of compensation standards and evaluation of compensation performance,and the practice exploration is carried out around forest,river basin and region.The problems present in the LEC in China are as follows:the lack of relevant laws and regulations,the shortage of lateral collaborative organizational structure,the imperfection of long-term compensation mechanism,and the low degree of public participation.[Conclusion]It concludes that future research should be centered on improving the systems of legal guidelines of and regulations on the LEC,establishing management and coordination agency of the LEC,and ultimately building a long-term mechanism for the LEC with the participation of socialized forces.

关 键 词：横向 生态补偿 机制 对策 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]