2010—2018年北京市人体中六溴环十二烷的残留特征与风险评估  

Residual Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Hexabromocyclododecane in Humans from 2010 to 2018 in Beijing

作　　者：李玉芳 佟玲[2] 徐进力[1] 白金峰[1] 宋淑玲 LI Yufang;TONG Ling;XU Jinli;BAI Jinfeng;SONG Shuling(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China;National Research Center for Geoanalysis,Beijing 100037,China;Command Center of Natural Resource Comprehensive Survey,Beijing 100055,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]国家地质实验测试中心,北京100037 [3]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2023年第2期326-337,共12页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41473008);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221641)。

摘　　要：六溴环十二烷(HBCDs)作为一种持久性有机污染物,具有生物累积性及多种生物毒性,以母乳、血清、头发及脂肪组织为介质,评价人体HBCDs的残留特征和健康风险受到广泛关注。本文以北京地区为研究区域,连续采集和分析2010—2018年母乳样品中的HBCDs,探究北京人体中HBCDs的残留特征与变化趋势,同时评估婴幼儿通过母乳喂养摄入HBCDs是否存在健康风险。研究共招募85名志愿者采集233份母乳样品,采用液液萃取-多级净化法进行样品处理,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定样品中HBCDs及其异构体含量。样品的测定结果显示:①HBCDs的检出率为100%,浓度范围为0.46~93.5ng/g lw(脂重),均值和中值分别为7.27 ng/g lw和5.77ng/g lw,高端暴露量第95百分位值为15.6ng/g lw;②α-HBCD为主要异构体,3种非对映异构体的含量占比大小为:α-HBCD>γ-HBCD>β-HBCD;③婴幼儿HBCDs的每日估计摄入量EDI中值为20.5ng/kg bw/day,第95百分位值为71.4ng/kg bw/day,高于日本、加纳及中国的其他城市。2010—2018年北京地区母乳中HBCDs浓度与北京地区以往的研究数据相比较接近,与国内外其他地区相比水平较高,且存在个体差异。HBCDs总量从2010—2013年持续上升,而后小幅度下降并趋于平缓,可能与中国及全球HBCDs的使用及禁用有关。健康风险评估结果显示,99%的母乳样品的非致癌风险危害系数(HQ)小于1,表明婴幼儿通过母乳喂养摄入HBCDs不会带来显著的健康风险,但1%母乳样品HQ值大于1,表明研究区域存在高风险暴露婴幼儿个体。BACKGROUND:Hexabromocyclododecanes(HBCDs)have been identified as organic pollutants with the properties of persistence,long-distance migration,bioaccumulation,and biological toxicity.HBCDs have been detected in all kinds of biological and abiotic samples around the world,and have adverse effects on the environment and human body.As a non-invasive biological sample,human milk is a good medium for evaluating the exposure of HBCDs in the human body,and is widely used in the study of the exposure level of HBCDs in various countries,especially in nursing infants and young children.According to the survey,the production and use of HBCDs in Beijing has continued to rise since the use and production restriction of HBCDs in 2016,and the total use of HBCDs in 2019 increased by 60.8%compared with 2018.Therefore,in recent years in Beijing,especially before and after the use and production restriction of HBCDs,the residual characteristics and change trend of HBCDs in breast milk have attracted much attention.OBJECTIVES:To investigate the residual characteristics and trends of HBCDs in breast milk in Beijing from 2010 to 2018,evaluate the health risks for infants to intake HBCDs via breastfeeding,and provide basic data support for the scientific use,management,control,and human exposure risk assessment of HBCDs.METHODS:Breast milk samples(n=233)were obtained from 85 volunteer donors living in Beijing from 2010 to 2018.All volunteers have been living in Beijing for more than 5 years,are healthy,and do not directly engage in HBCDs production,processing,and other related occupations.Each sample was about 30mL,which was manually collected by volunteers into a 30mL clean glass bottle with a Teflon lined screw cap,and then transferred to a laboratory refrigerator for cryopreservation at-20℃.All volunteers were informed of the objective of this study.Pretreatment was conducted by liquid-liquid extraction and ammonia,ethanol,ether and n-hexane were added in turn.After liquid-liquid extraction,concentrated sulfuric acid sulfonation w

关 键 词：六溴环十二烷 母乳 液液萃取 高效液相色谱-串联质谱法 残留水平 趋势变化 

分 类 号：P734.4[天文地球—海洋化学] X820.4[天文地球—海洋科学]