区域贸易协定中环境规则的贸易效应研究——基于贸易创造和贸易转移效应的双重视角  

A Study on the Trade Effects of Environmental Rules in Regional Trade Agreements From the Dual Perspectives of Trade Creation andTradeDiversionEffects

作　　者：符大海[1] 曹莉[1] FU Dahai;CAO Li

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学国际经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2023年第3期18-35,共18页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“中国对‘一带一路’国家的出口机遇识别与贸易促进研究”(20YJC790024);中央财经大学科研创新团队支持计划资助项目“‘双循环’新发展格局下我国对外贸易高质量发展研究”(20210033)。

摘　　要：本文在全球区域贸易协定向深度一体化持续发展的背景下,通过构建各国区域贸易协定中环境条款的深度指数,利用扩展的结构引力模型,从贸易创造和贸易转移双重视角全面考察了区域贸易协定中环境规则对各国污染密集型产品和绿色产品出口的影响。实证研究发现,随着环境条款深度的提高,区域贸易组织成员方之间的污染密集型产品和绿色产品出口均显著下降,且该效应随时间推移不断增强。异质性分析显示,缔约方的经济发展水平、环境质量和制度质量对环境规则的贸易效应有重要影响。进一步分析发现,缔约方之间污染密集型产品和绿色产品的出口会随着缔约方与非缔约方的环境保护条款加强而增加,表现出明显的贸易转移效应。这些结论对各国通过区域贸易自由化来实现本国对外贸易的绿色转型具有重要的政策启示。In the context of deep integration of regional trade agreements(RTAs),this paper comprehensively examines the effects of environmental rules in RTAs on exports of pollution-intensive products and green products from the perspectives of both trade creation and trade diversion by constructing a depth index of environmental provisions in each country's RTAs and using an extended structural gravity model.The empirical results show that as the depth of environmental provisions increases,exports of both pollution-intensive products and green products among RTAs members decrease significantly,and these effects get stronger over time.The heterogeneity analysis reveals that the level of economic development,environmental quality and institutional quality of contracting parties have significant impacts on the trade effects of environmental rules.Further analysis finds that as environmental protection provisions between contracting parties and non-parties are strengthened,exports of pollution-intensive products and green products among contracting parties increase,indicating a significant trade diversion effect.These findings have important policy implications for nations to achieve green transformation of their foreign trade through regional trade liberalization.

关 键 词：深度区域贸易协定 环境规则 结构引力模型 贸易创造 贸易转移 

分 类 号：F744[经济管理—国际贸易]