谁是“伦敦佬”——英国摄政时代文坛“鄙视链”中的层级政治与民族认同  

Who Were“Cockneys”:Hierarchical Politics and National Identity of the“Contempt Chain”in the Regency Era in England

作　　者：梁庆标[1] LIANG Qingbiao

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学文学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2023年第1期34-45,共12页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“西方反传记批评研究”(项目编号:21BWW014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以洛克哈特为代表的保守“爱丁堡派”对以利·亨特为中心的自由激进“伦敦佬派”的攻击是英国摄政文坛的重要事件,这场论战实乃以19世纪“摄政时代”为波峰且绵延百年的广涉文学、风尚、层级及民族关系的持久论争,兼有“上下、内外、东西”之战。爱丁堡派以对手的出身、习性、人格等私人品性为攻击策略,复活并拓展了“伦敦佬”一词,从“亨特圈”直追踪至“比萨圈”,使牵涉其中的群体日渐延展。伴随着维多利亚时代的对内控制与外向扩张,大英帝国掌控了形塑社会阶层及异域形象以构成一连串层级“鄙视链”的武器。由此,以考证谁是伦敦佬为主线,就其范畴变化、内涵拓展,特别是折射的文学风格、层级斗争、民族意识等加以爬梳,不失为探入摄政时代乃至维多利亚时代英国政治气候与东西文化关系的幽微路径。The persistent attacks by the conservative“Edinburgh School”represented by Lockhart against the liberal radical“Cockney School”centering around Leigh Hunt were nothing less than a major literary event in the Regency Era in England.The debate in the 19th century involved topics of literature,fashion,cultural hierarchy,politics and national relationships.Adopting the strategy of invading privacy,the Edinburgh School revived and expanded the word“Cockney”to refer to the“Hunt circle”,the“Pisan circle”,and others.Along with the Victorian British Empire’s tightened internal control and external expansion,they weaponized it to shape the images of social classes and even foreign nations to form a hierarchical“contempt chain”.By exploring who were Cockneys,and the reference’s connotation expansion,and especially the literary and stylistic context of the political dynamics and national consciousness,this article tries to explore the British political climate and the relationship between Eastern and Western cultures around the Regency and Victorian era.

关 键 词：伦敦佬 鄙视链 层级政治 帝国意识 

分 类 号：I561.06[文学—其他各国文学]