大分子网络体系中的反常扩散动力学机制  

Dynamical mechanism of anomalous diffusion in macromolecular networks

作　　者：张轩钰 戴晓彬 陈文龙 魏文杰 高丽娟 燕立唐 Xuanyu Zhang;Xiaobin Dai;Wenlong Chen;Wenjie Wei;Lijuan Gao;Li-Tang Yan(Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2023年第4期628-637,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:22025302,21873053)资助项目。

摘　　要：生物大分子网络是多种生物软质体系共同的结构基础之一.深入理解纳米尺度的粒子在大分子网络中的扩散动力学对于阐明众多生命现象背后的物理机制以及设计和制造具有优异性能的生物医用功能材料有重要意义.纳米粒子在大分子网络中的运动可能会受到其周围网络链的显著影响.从物理角度看,各种生物或合成聚合物链之间的主要区别在于其本征物理性质,这些性质可以显著改变纳米粒子所经历自由能势垒的高低与分布,进而决定纳米粒子的扩散动力学行为.本文从网络链的柔顺性、网格拓扑特征以及网络的动态共价连接三个方面的本征物理性质出发,综述了本课题组近年来针对该问题基于高分子凝聚态物理理论的研究进展,特别是对这些现象背后的熵机制进行了理论解释.最后对大分子网络中粒子扩散的未来发展方向进行了展望.Biomolecular networks composed of hydrated biomolecules are one of the most common structural bases of various biological systems.A thorough understanding of the diffusion behavior of nanoparticles in macromolecular networks is thereby of great significance to elucidate the physical origin behind many biological phenomena and to design and manufacture new materials with improved properties.The movement of guest particles in macromolecular networks may be hindered by the surrounding network chains.From a physical point of view,the main difference between the various biological or synthetic polymer chains is their intrinsic physical properties,which can significantly alter the free energy experienced by the nanoparticles and thus determine the diffusion dynamics of the nanoparticles.Based on the intrinsic physical properties of network chain flexibility,network cell topology and dynamic bonding in the networks,this paper summarizes the research progress of our group based on polymer condensed matter physics theory in recent years,and explains the entropy effect behind these phenomena.Finally,the future perspective of particle diffusion in macromolecular networks is discussed.

关 键 词：大分子网络 扩散 动力学异质性 网络拓扑 熵效应 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O648.17[理学—物理化学]