聚合物力化学的单分子力谱研究  

Polymer mechanochemistry by single-molecule force spectroscopy

作　　者：卢胜杰 宋宇[1] 张文科[1] Shengjie Lu;Yu Song;Wenke Zhang(State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室,吉林大学化学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2023年第4期708-720,共13页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:21827805,22173036,21504030)资助项目。

摘　　要：研究聚合物在力致结构转变过程中的分子机制,进而建立起材料的构效关系,对于力响应聚合物材料的设计和精准制备至关重要.然而由于真实材料体系的复杂性,使用传统的测量方法很难从分子水平精准表征上述过程.基于原子力显微镜(AFM)的单分子力谱(SMFS)可以操纵单个聚合物链,是一种研究单个分子力学和动力学性质的有效技术.本文首先重点介绍了力化学的基本概念、影响因素和自由聚合物链单分子力化学的最新进展,按照共价键、配位键及氢键体系的顺序展开.然后讨论了SMFS技术在凝聚态体系的单链力学响应中的应用,包括用于聚合物单晶研究的AFM-SMFS方法的建立,链组成、构象、折叠模式以及环境对力诱导聚合物单晶熔融和纳米力学性能等影响规律的探究.希望本文将引起材料、化学和计算研究界的进一步关注,并加深科研人员们对聚合物结构-性质(功能)关系的理解.It is critical to investigate the molecular mechanism of polymer mechanochemistry and force-induced structural transformation,and then establish the structure-mechanical property relationship of materials for the rational design and accurate preparation of force responsive polymer materials.However,due to the complexity of real material systems,it is difficult to accurately characterize these processes at the molecular level using traditional ensemble methods.Atomic force microscopy(AFM)-based single molecule force spectroscopy(SMFS)can manipulate a single polymer chain,which is an effective technique to study the mechanical properties and dynamics of a single molecule.In this review,we first focus on the basic concept,influencing factors,and recent progress of single-molecule mechanochemistry reactions of free polymer chains,from the strong covalent bond-based system to the coordination bond and hydrogen bond-based systems.Then,we discuss the application of AFM-SMFS technology in the single chain mechanical response of condensed systems,including the establishment of AFM-SMFS method for the study of polymer single crystals,and the exploration of the effect of factors such as chain composition,conformation,folding mode,and environment on the force-induced melting and nano mechanical properties.We hope that this review will attract further attention from the material,chemistry and computational research communities,and accelerate our understanding of the structure-property relationship of polymers.

关 键 词：聚合物力化学 半结晶聚合物 分子机器 单分子力谱 原子力显微镜 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]