以菌土覆盖法鉴定玉米品种对茎腐病抗性的研究  

Identification of resistance of maize cultivars to Fusarium stalk rot by soil mulching method

作　　者：王丽娟[1] 董怀玉[1] 董智[2] 张明会 刘可杰[1] 杨蕾[1] Wang Lijuan;Dong Huaiyu;Dong Zhi;Zhang Minghui;Liu Kejie;Yang Lei(Institute of plant protection,Liaonin g Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110161,China;Institute of cultivation,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110161,China;Agricultural Development Service Center,Tai'an Liaoning 114100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,辽宁沈阳日110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,辽宁沈阳110161 [3]辽宁省台安县农业发展服务中心,辽宁台安114100

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2023年第3期5-8,共4页China Plant Protection

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院基本科研计划项目(2021HQ1903);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200700)。

摘　　要：在田间以菌土覆盖的接种方法鉴定不同品种玉米对茎腐病的抗性。结果表明:由禾谷镰孢菌引起的玉米茎腐病,其发生程度与土壤中病原菌含量即菌土浓度呈近似正相关,菌土浓度越高,玉米发病越重,但达到一定浓度后,供试种质发病率的增幅会逐渐减小,发病率趋于平稳。在同一浓度的菌土胁迫下,不同抗病水平的品种发病程度存在明显差异,对于抗性种质,接种菌土的浓度需达到20%以上,才能较准确地评价其抗性。该方法可有效解决伤根接种和注射接种在田间操作难度高、工作量大、发病不理想以及埋土法影响出苗的问题,更适用于大批量种质资源田间抗病性鉴定的相关研究。The resistance of different maize cultivars to stalk rot was identified in the field by inoculation covered with Fusarium-infected soil.The results showed that the occurrence of stalk rot in maize caused by Fusarium graminearum was approximately positively correlated with the concentration of the pathogen in the soil,and the higher the fungal pathogen concentration,the more severe the stalk rot.However,after a certain concentration was reached,the increase of the stalk rot incidence in the test plants gradually decreased,and the incidence rate tended to be stable.Under the same concentration of soil pathogenic fungal stress,there were significant differences in the disease incidence among cultivars with different levels of resistance.For resistant germplasm,the concentration of the pathogenic fungus in soil for inoculation should reach 20%or more to accurately evaluate its resistance.This method can effectively solve the problems of root inoculation and injection in the field,such as the difficulty of operation,the heavy workload,the unsatisfactory disease incidence,and the impact of the soil burial method on seedling emergence.It is more suitable for studies on identifying disease resistance of large quantities of germplasm resources in the field.

关 键 词：玉米 茎腐病 品种抗病性 菌土覆盖法 鉴定技术 

分 类 号：S435.131.49[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]