高温胁迫对夏型中国梨喀木虱的影响研究  

Effect of high temperature stress on Cacopsylla chinensis

作　　者：张未仲[1] 郑卫锋 吴志涛 魏明峰 赵龙龙[1] Zhang Weizhong;Zheng Weifeng;Wu Zhitao;Wei Mingfeng;Zhao Longlong(Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Agriculture University,Taigu Shanxi 030815,China;Plant Protection and Quarantine Center of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan Shanxi 030000,China;College of Protection,Shanxi Agriculture University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030801,China;Institute of Cotton Research,Shanxi Agriculture University,Yuncheng Shanxi 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,山西太谷030815 [2]山西省植物保护植物检疫中心,山西太原030000 [3]山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西太谷030801 [4]山西农业大学棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2023年第3期23-27,共5页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家梨产业体系(CARS-28);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(SXFRS-2022);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903-D211001-1);山西农业大学博士基金(2022BQ36)。

摘　　要：中国梨喀木虱是我国梨树产区的主要害虫。基于近年来夏季高温天气频繁的现象,研究了中国梨喀木虱夏型成虫对高温的胁迫响应。结果显示,夏型中国梨喀木虱对高温胁迫响应明显。当温度>38℃时,中国梨喀木虱出现热击倒昏迷,击倒中温为40.01℃。当温度≥36℃时,中国梨喀木虱存活开始受影响。36、37、38、39、40、41℃的致死中时分别为5.08 h、4.29 h、46.52 min、42.84 min、37.66 min、7.53 min,41℃为存活的上限高温。田间监测表明山西运城、晋中地区中国梨喀木虱发生高峰期分别在5月上旬至5月下旬和7月上旬至8月上旬,运城地区6—8月高温天气较多且持续时间较长,不利于中国梨喀木虱种群增长。本研究结果可为预测和防治中国梨喀木虱提供参考。Cacopsylla chinensis is an important pest in pear-producing areas in China.Based on the phenomenon of frequent high temperatures in summer in recent years,the stress responses of summer-type adults of C.chinensis to high temperatures were studied.The results showed that the summer-type C.chinensis had obvious responses to high-temperature stress.In 20 min,when the temperature was higher than 38℃,C.chinensis showed heat knockdown coma,and the knockdown temperature was 40.01℃.When the temperature was higher than 36℃,the survival of C.chinensis was affected.The lethal times at 36℃,37℃,38℃,39℃,40℃,and 41℃were 5.08 h,4.29 h,46.52 min,42.84 min,37.66 min,and 7.53 min,respectively,and 41℃was the upper limit temperature for survival.Field monitoring showed that the occurrence peak of C.chinensis was from early May to late May in Yuncheng and from early July to early August in Jinzhong,respectively.The high temperatures from June to August were more frequent and prolonged in Yuncheng,which was not conducive to the population growth of C.chinensis.The results of this study can provide a reference for the prediction and control of C.chinensis in China.

关 键 词：梨木虱 高温胁迫 击倒率 死亡率 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]