流动沙丘先锋植物沙蓬遗传驯化和栽培品系选育进展  

De novo domestication and preliminary cultivar development of sand rice(Agriophyllum squarrosum),a sand dune pioneer species

作　　者：赵鹏善 冉瑞兰 李晓凤 孙红 赵杰才 赵昕 陈国雄 ZHAO PengShan;RAN RuiLan;LI XiaoFeng;SUN Hong;HAO JieCai;ZHAO Xin;CHEN GuoXiong(Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions,Gansu Province,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃省寒区旱区逆境生理与生态重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,兰州730000 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院皋兰生态与农业综合试验站,兰州730000 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2023年第4期505-518,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:31870381、31970352);中国科学院青年创新促进会(批准号:2018463);甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(批准号:20JR5RA547)资助。

摘　　要：综合利用荒漠植物和沙地资源对我国北方干旱区生态文明建设和粮食安全具有深远意义.先锋植物沙蓬广泛分布于我国北方干旱半干旱地区的流动沙丘上,其种子俗称沙米,营养价值全面均衡,食用历史悠久.通过调研沙蓬研究文献和沙米饮食文化,本团队于2010年开始沙蓬驯化研究,并从自然群体和人工诱导突变体两个层面入手,开展沙蓬遗传驯化和品系选育工作,初步获得了多个农艺性状较好的株系,为进一步在不同区域栽培评价以及品种申报奠定了材料基础.同时也发现当前限制沙蓬快速驯化的瓶颈问题主要是沙蓬种质资源表型的系统分析、遗传转化体系的建立和齐苗壮苗株系的获得.The comprehensive utilization of desert plants and sandy land resources is of far-reaching significance to the eco-civilization progress and food security in the arid region of northern China.The pioneer species Agriophyllum squarrosum is broadly distributed on the mobile sand dunes in the arid and semi-arid areas of northern China.Its seed,also called sand rice,has well-balanced nutritional values and has been consumed for more than 1300 years.In 2010,our group first initiated the domestication research of sand rice by investigating the various historical literature and food consuming records of sand rice.Genetic modification and breeding are currently dependent on natural populations and artificial mutagenesis.A few modified lines with better agronomic traits have been initially isolated,laying a material foundation for further cultivation evaluation in different areas and cultivar declaration.However,the speed domestication of sand rice still requires systematically analyzing phenotypic variation among different germplasms,the establishment of a genetic transformation system,and isolating elite lines with a synchronous germination rate and strong seedling vigor.

关 键 词：从头驯化 沙蓬 沙米 沙漠植物 

分 类 号：Q949.9[生物学—植物学]