论环保督察中环境知情权的拓展与实现  

On the Expanding and Realization of the Right to Environmental Information in China's Environmental Protection Supervision

作　　者：吴昂 Wu Ang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《人权》2023年第2期62-77,共16页Human Rights

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“完善中央生态环境保护督察制度研究”(项目编号:21ZDA088)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：环保督察作为突破传统科层结构的环境治理制度创新,不仅在实质性环境权的保障方面发挥了显著作用,同时亦拓展了程序性环境权利中环境知情权的基本范畴。在环保督察中,环境知情权的客体和义务主体都有了进一步的拓展,呈现出从政府信息向党务信息、从行政机关向党的工作机关扩展的趋势,这是中国共产党切实维护人权理念在生态文明建设领域的生动体现。当前,环保督察中环境知情权的实现面临着规范依据简略、责任保障不明确等问题。对此,应在更新相关主体对环保督察中知情权的认知观念基础上,完善并细化环保督察信息公开规则,合理分配环保督察中的信息公开义务,明确违反信息公开要求的担责规则,在确保环境知情权实现的同时推动环保督察制度的整体发展。As an innovation in the environmental governance system that breaks the traditional hierarchical structure,environmental protection supervision has not only played a significant role in protecting tangible environmental rights but also expanded the basic scope of the right to environmental information-part of procedural environmental rights.In the supervision of environmental protection,the objects of the right to environmental information and the subjects of the obligation to provide environmental information have been both expanded,with the focus shifting from government information to Party information and from administrative organs to Party organs.This vividly demonstrates the Communist Party of China's concrete efforts to protect human rights in the field of ecological civilization.At present,the realization of the right to environmental information in environmental protection supervision still faces problems such as insufficient standards and norms,disordered practice and operation,and lack of liability guarantee.In this context,based on renewing relevant subjects'cognition of the right to know in environmental protection supervision,we should further improve and specify the rule for disclosing information about environmental protection supervision,rationally distribute the obligations for information disclosure in environmental protection supervision,and clarify the accountability rules for violating relevant requirements for information disclosure,so as to promote the overall development of the environmental protection supervision system while guaranteeing the realization of the right to environmental information.

关 键 词：环境知情权 环保督察 公众参与 信息公开 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D262.6[政治法律—法学]