4种炭基复合改良剂可不同程度地降低糙米Cd富集  

Four Biochar-based Conditioners Reducing Cd Accumulation in Brown Rice to Different Degrees

作　　者：魏岚 邱超才 黄连喜 李翔 黄庆 郑小东 林启美 刘忠珍 陈伟盛 WEI Lan;QIU Chaocai;HUANG Lianxi;LI Xiang;HUANG Qing;ZHENG Xiaodong;LIN Qimei;LIU Zhongzhen;CHEN Weisheng(Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640;Yunfu City Yuncheng District Agricultural and Rural Comprehensive Service Center,Yunfu,Guangdong 527300)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640 [2]云浮市云城区农业农村综合服务中心,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第12期146-153,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目重点项目(粤桂联合基金项目)“粤桂有色金属矿区重金属污染土壤生物-钝化改良剂联合修复治理技术研究与示范”(2021JJYGD150048);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金“香蕉菠萝产业技术体系创新团队”(2023KJ109);广东省农科院新兴团队项目“土壤质量与污染控制”(202120TD);广州市科技计划项目“生物炭对不同理化性质土壤镉污染消减效应及其机理研究”(202102080407)。

摘　　要：为了实现水稻的安全生产,降低土壤Cd生物有效性及糙米Cd含量,以4种炭基复合改良剂为材料,开展田间小区试验,研究其对土壤Cd生物有效性以及水稻植株吸收、累积及转运Cd的影响。结果表明,施用4种炭基复合改良剂(生物炭+沸石BZ、生物炭+沸石+有机肥BZM、生物炭+铁粉BFe、生物炭+钙镁磷肥BP)后,早稻和晚稻产量提高了4.41%~21.18%,其中BZM和BP表现较好,早稻增产更为显著。晚稻中Cd富集系数(BCF)总和大大超过早稻(1.07~3.75倍)。施用4种复合改良剂可使糙米Cd含量降低到0.03~0.23 mg/kg,除了施用BZ的晚稻糙米超标外,其余均符合国家食品安全标准,其中BP的效果最好。该研究表明炭基复合改良剂在Cd污染土壤修复中具有一定的应用价值,其中BP在中性或弱碱性土壤中的潜力更大一些。The purpose of this experiment is to ensure the quality safety of brown rice,and reduce the bioavailability of soil Cd and the content of Cd in brown rice.In this study,four biochar-based conditioners were used as materials to evaluate their effects on reducing Cd bioavailability in soil and inhibiting Cd absorption,transportation and accumulation in rice plants in field.The results showed that after applying the four biochar-based conditioners(biochar+zeolite BZ,biochar+zeolite+organic fertilizer BZM,biochar+iron powder BFe,biochar+calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer BP),the yield of both spring and autumn brown rice increased by 4.41%-21.18%,of which BZM and BP treatments were better and increased the yield of spring rice more significantly.The sum of Cd bioaccumulation factors(BCF)in autumn rice was significantly higher than that in spring rice(1.07-3.75 times).The Cd content of brown rice could be reduced to 0.03-0.23 mg/kg by applying the four biochar-based conditioners.Except the Cd content of autumn brown rice under BZ treatment,the Cd content of brown rice under all the other treatments could conform to the limit of the National Standard for Food Safety.BP was the most effective conditioner in reducing Cd content in brown rice and increasing rice yield.The results indicated that biochar-based conditioners had a certain value for the remediation of Cd-polluted paddy soil,and BP had more potential value in neutral or weakly alkaline soil.

关 键 词：稻田 CD 炭基复合改良剂 早稻 晚稻 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]