夏玉米光合产物分配及生物量的动态模拟研究  

Dynamic Simulation of Photosynthate Distribution Parameters and Biomass in Summer Maize

作　　者：豆静静 郑志伟 王义坤 张妮 Dou Jingjing;Zheng Zhiwei;Wang Yikun;Zhang Ni(College of Water Conservancy Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水利工程学院,天津300392

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第4期42-49,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51779174);天津市科技支撑重点项目(18YFZCSF00650)。

摘　　要：为揭示夏玉米干物质积累与分配规律及给作物栽培提供参考,本研究在山西霍泉灌溉试验站连续两年进行夏玉米灌溉试验,每年均设置高水、低水、零水3个处理,继而利用玉米生长相关性、相对生长速率等数据建立分配系数和分配指数两种模型进行夏玉米光合产物分配与转移的模拟研究,并以确定性系数(R^(2))、标准化均方根误差(nRMSE)为标准,对模拟结果进行评价。结果表明:①玉米各器官干物质重实测值与两种模型模拟值的R^(2)均在0.95以上,nRMSE在20%以下;②两种模型在模拟穗重时,模拟效果差异不明显,模拟茎重和叶重时,分配系数模型模拟效果优于分配指数模型;③不同生育期水分胁迫对各器官分配系数有不同的影响,对分配指数影响不明显;④收获期前,水分胁迫使茎、叶光合产物转移率增大,穗光合产物转移率减小。综之,分配系数和分配指数两种模型操作实用性均较强,但前者机理性强、各器官光合产物转移率的变化趋势与实际较为一致,后者直观易懂、计算简单,总体上分配系数模型略优于分配指数模型。In order to reveal the laws of dry matter accumulation and distribution in summer maize and provide references for crop cultivation,the summer maize irrigation experiments were conducted at Huoquan Irrigation Experiment Station in Shanxi Province for two consecutive years.Three treatments were set per year,including high water,low water and zero water.Using the data of maize growth correlation and relative growth rate,two models of distribution coefficient and distribution index were established to simulate the distribution and transfer of summer maize photosynthate,and the certainty coefficient(R^(2))and normalized root mean square error(nRMSE)were used to evaluate the simulation results.The results were as follows.(1)The R^(2)of the measured dry matter weight values of maize organs with simulated values of the two models were all above 0.95,and the nRMSE were all below 20%.(2)There was no obvious difference between the two models in simulating spike weight.However,when simulating stem weight and leaf weight,the effect of the distribution coefficient model was better than that of the distribution index model.(3)Water stress had different effects on the distribution coefficient of each organ at different growth stages,but had no obvious effect on the distribution index.(4)Before harvest period,water stress increased the transfer rate of photosynthate in stems and leaves and decreased that in spikes.To sum up,both the distribution coefficient and distribution index models had strong operational practicability.However,the distribution coefficient model had a strong mechanism and the change trend of photosynthate transfer rate of each organ was more consistent with the actual.The distribution index model was straightforward and had simple calculation.The distribution coefficient model was slightly better than the distribution index model generally.

关 键 词：夏玉米 光合产物 分配系数 分配指数 水分胁迫 动态模拟 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]