关川河流域土地利用变化对其生态服务价值的影响  

Effects of Land Use Change on Its Ecological Service Value in Guanchuan River Basin

作　　者：王彦武 高金芳 陈爱华 田晋华 柴媛媛 Wang Yanwu;Gao Jinfang;Chen Aihua;Tian Jinhua;Chai Yuanyuan(Gansu Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Sciences,Lanzhou 730020,China;Lanzhou Test Station of Soil and Water Conservation Sciences,Department of Water Resources of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水土保持科学研究所,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省水利厅兰州水土保持科学试验站,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第4期163-172,共10页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(21JR7RA683,21JR7RA684);甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广计划项目(22GSLK007,[2021]71-24)。

摘　　要：生态服务价值可以衡量土地利用结构的合理性,研究土地利用动态变化与生态服务价值的响应机制,对流域生态文明建设具有重要意义。本研究基于关川河流域1990、2000、2015年3期遥感解译数据,构建了土地利用动态度、土地利用程度指数、生态贡献率、生态服务价值变率和敏感性指数等评估指标,分析了关川河流域1990—2015年土地利用及生态服务价值的动态变化。结果如下:(1)关川河流域土地利用类型以耕地、未利用地和草地为主;耕地面积先减后增,草地和水域面积先增后减,林地、建设用地和未利用地面积持续递增。(2)1990—2015年,林地的土地利用变化速度和面积增加幅度最大,草地的面积减小幅度最大;研究期内土地利用程度指数略有减小。(3)1990—2000年关川河流域生态服务价值增加1.89亿元,2000—2015年生态服务价值减少4.36亿元;水文调节、气候调节和土壤保持功能是关川河流域生态系统的主要功能类型。(4)关川河流域草地和耕地的敏感性指数较高,对研究区总生态服务价值增益的贡献率和影响程度较大;水域的生态服务价值变率最高,对流域总生态服务价值有重要影响。提高现有建设用地的利用率和耕地的粮食产量,继续实施生态保护工程,不断发掘水域的生态服务价值,可促进流域生态保护和高质量发展。Ecological service value(ESV)can measure the rationality of land use structure.Studying the dynamic change of land use and the response mechanism of ESV is of great significance to the construction of ecological civilization in river basin.Based on the three-phase remote sensing interpretation data of Guanchuan River basin in 1990,2000 and 2015,the evaluation indexes such as land use dynamics,land use degree index,ecological contribution rate,ecological service value variability and sensitivity index were constructed,and the dynamic changes of land use and ESV in Guanchuan River Basin from 1990 to 2015 were analyzed.The results were as follows.(1)The main land use types in Guanchuan river basin were cultivated land,unused land and grassland.The area of cultivated land decreased first and then increased,the area of grassland and water area increased first and then decreased,and the area of forest land,construction land and unused land increased continuously.(2)From 1990 to 2015,the land use change rate and area of forest land in-creased the most,while the grassland area decreased the most.The land use degree index decreased slightly during the study period.(3)The ESV in Guanchuan river basin increased by 189 million yuan from 1990 to 2000,and decreased by 436 million yuan from 2000 to 2015.Hydrological regulation,climate regulation and soil conservation were the main function types of the ecosystem in Guanchuan river basin.(4)The sensitivity index of grassland and cultivated land in Guanchuan river basin was higher,which had a greater contribution rate and influence degree to the total ESV gain of the study area.The variability of ecological service value in water area was the highest,which had an important impact on the total ESV of the river basin.Improving the utilization rate of the existing construction land and the grain yield of cultivated land,continuing to implement ecological protection project,and constantly exploring the ecological service value of water area could promote the ecological protection and

关 键 词：土地利用变化 生态服务价值 影响评估 关川河流域 生态服务价值变率 敏感性指数 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]