“再+VP”结构隐性否定义的浮现与识解  

On the Formation and Construal Mechanism of the Negative Meaning of “Zai(再)+VP”

作　　者：马婷婷 Ma Tingting(College of Chinese Literature and Media,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Xiangyang 441053,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院文学与传媒学院,湖北襄阳441053

出　　处：《现代语文》2023年第4期49-55,共7页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：“再+VP”结构既可以表示肯定,又可以表示否定。该结构表示隐性否定时构成祈使句,要求VP具有[+述人][+可控]的特征,多用来表示威胁、警告、劝阻的语用否定。该结构存在着“有本事/种/胆+再+VP”“再+VP+试试(看)”“再+(给我)+V+数量词”“再+V(VP)+就+后果”等多种变体。其隐性否定义是在语用推理下产生的元语否定,说话人通过否定假设条件、凸显假设后果,来增强话语中的威慑效力,劝阻或制止听话人继续实施当前行为。听话人可以通过说话人在会话过程中对礼貌原则的有意违反,来识解其表达的隐性否定义。The affirmative structure of“zai(再)+VP”can express both affirmation and negation.When the implicit negation is expressed,it forms imperative sentence,which requires VP to have the characteristics of[+narrator][+controllable].It is often used to express the meaning of threat,warning and dissuasion.There are many variants of this structure,such as“you benshi/zhong/dan+zai+VP(有本事/种/胆+再+VP)”,“zai+VP+shishikan(再+VP+试试看)”,“zai+(geiwo)+V+quantifier(再+[给我]+V+数量词)”and“zai+V/VP+jiu consequence(再+V/VP+就+后果)”.Its implicit negation is the metalinguistic negation produced by pragmatic reasoning.The speaker enhances the deterrent effect of the discourse by negating the hypothetical conditions and highlighting the hypothetical consequences,and dissuades or stops the listener from carrying out the current behavior.The implicit negation of this structure can be got through speaker’s intentional violation of politeness principle.

关 键 词：“再+VP” 隐性否定 威胁言语行为 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]