广州绿道系统木本植物多样性与生长特征分析  

Species diversity and growth characteristics of woody plants from greenway in Guangzhou city

作　　者：唐品川 罗丹 孙冰[1] 王嘉楠[2] 郝泽周 罗水兴[1] 陈步峰[1] 唐艺家 刘晓天 何继红 何俊勇 裴男才[1] TANG Pinchuan;LUO Dan;SUN Bing;WANG Jianan;HAO Zezhou;LUO Shuixing;CHEN Bufeng;TANG Yija;LIU Xiaotian;HE Jihong;HE Junyong;PEI Nancai(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;School of Forestry&Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Guangzhou Tiandi Forestry Limited Company,Guangzhou 510663,China;Administration of Forestry and Gardening of Guangzhou Municipality,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036 [3]广州天地林业有限公司,广州510663 [4]广州市林业和园林局,广州510060

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第4期64-73,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础研究项目(202102080556);广东省林业科技创新项目(2021KJCX017);国家自然科学基金(31770492);广州市林业和园林局项目(林业园林绿合字【2020】20号)。

摘　　要：木本植物是绿道系统中重要的生物组成要素。以广州市域分布的绿道为研究对象,进行实地调查与统计处理,并对主要树种组成、开花时间特征、重要值、乡土植物使用情况等开展综合分析。结果表明:(1)广州绿道常见观花木本植物有28种;全年皆有开花树种,主要集中在夏季,如6、7和8月份分别有15、14和12种;(2)优势植物主要有细叶榕、羊蹄甲、高山榕和杧果等,乡土植物使用率占总数的73%,但部分乔木树种(如细叶榕)运用频率较高导致群落组成单一;(3)广州绿道树木长势较为良好,病虫害情况较少,但也需要加强后期病虫害防护措施;(4)多数常见树种的胸径与冠幅、树高呈现出线性正相关关系。为避免绿道植物群落同质化现象,建议后续在绿道建设和维护过程中栽植更多种类的乔灌植物,加强林木病虫害监测与防治,提升广州市绿道森林景观和生态功能。Woody plants are crucial biotic components of greenway in urban areas.Taking Guangzhou greenway as the research object,the present paper carried out a synthetic analysis on tree species composition,flowering periods of ornamental species,important value,and the usage of native plants in the whole municipality and each district in Guangzhou city,based on field investigations and statistical processing.The results were the follows:(1)More than 28 common species were used as ornamental purpose in Guangzhou.Flowering species existed almost throughout the whole year,but concentrated on the summer season;specifically,there were 15,14 and 12 flowering species found in June,July and August,respectively.(2)The dominant plant species in Guangzhou greenway were Ficus microcarpa,Bauhinia purpurea,F.altissima,and Mangifera indica based on analyzing the relative important values for all species.The proportional rate of native plants was around 73%of the total,but several species(e.g.,F.microcarpa)was planted too many to form a simple community composition.(3)Woody plants grew well along all greenway with few reports on disease or insect pests,but regular monitoring and controlling measures were indispensable.(4)DBH of nine major tree species showed a linear positive correlation with crown width and height.Therefore,both city managers and forest researchers should enrich plant taxa in subsequent afforestation activities and keep standardized management measures to avoid homogeneous community composition,to improve overall forest landscape,and to maintain high-quality ecological services in urban regions.

关 键 词：绿道网 植物群落 森林景观 人居环境 粤港澳大湾区 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]