4SW-2.0型卧式割晒机的设计与试验  

Design and Test of 4SW-2.0 Horizontal Cutter-Rower

作　　者：王浩[1] 王显 张啸翔 郑德聪[1] 王嘉伟[1] WANG Hao;WANG Xian;ZHANG Xiaoxiang;ZHENG Decong;WANG Jiawei(College of Agricultural Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第5期570-580,共11页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-07-D-2);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211005);山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(2021BQ18)。

摘　　要：针对常规割晒机底盘低,立式割台侧向铺放的结构型式导致边行收获困难、割晒铺放质量不佳、机具通过性能较差等问题,设计了一款卧式割晒机,采用中间铺放的形式,传动系统利用液压马达驱动。整机结构主要由偏心式拨禾轮、悬挂升降装置、分禾装置、横向往复式切割器、横向螺旋输送滚筒、机架、传动系统和液压系统等组成。利用MATLAB编程绘制出不同机组前进速度和不同曲柄转速下的切割图,以铺放均匀度系数和割晒损失系数为试验指标,选取机组前进速度和主传动轴转速为试验因素,进行正交试验。结果表明,当机组前进速度为1.07 m/s、主传动轴转速为449 r/min时,割晒机达到最佳工作状态;在多次试验验证后,得到铺放均匀度系数平均值为1.08,割晒损失系数平均值为1.55。田间试验结果表明,该割晒机在正常工作状态下能一次性完成燕麦的切割、铺放作业,割茬整齐,输送流畅,铺放有序,可以满足后续晾晒和捡拾脱粒作业需求。In this study,to address the problems of difficulties in harvesting side rows,poor quality of cutting and tanning laying,and poor passing performance of the machine caused by low chassis of conventional cutter-rower and the structure type of vertical cutting table with lateral laying,a horizontal cutter-rower was designed with the form of middle laying and the drive system was driven by hydraulic motor.The structure of the machine was mainly composed of eccentric grain wheel,suspension lifting device,grain splitting device,transverse reciprocating cutter,transverse spiral conveyor drum,frame,transmission system,and hydraulic system.The cutting diagrams under different unit forward speed and different crank speed were drawn by using MATLAB programming.The orthogonal test was conducted with the laying uniformity coefficient and cutting and tanning loss coefficient as experimental indexes and with the forward speed of the machine and the main drive shaft speed as the test factors.The results showed that the machine worked best when the forward speed was 1.07 m/s and the main drive shaft speed was 449 r/min,and the average value of the laying uniformity coefficient was 1.08 and the average value of the cutting and tanning loss coefficient was 1.55.The field test results showed that the cutter-rower could complete the cutting and laying of oats at one time under normal working condition,with neat stubble cutting,smooth conveyance and orderly laying,it could meet the requirements of subsequent drying and picking and threshing operations.

关 键 词：卧式割晒机 结构设计 往复式切割器 响应面分析 燕麦 

分 类 号：S225.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]