Long-term implications of fetal growth restriction  

作　　者：Martina D'Agostin Chiara Di Sipio Morgia Giovanni Vento Stefano Nobile 

机构地区：[1]Department of Pediatrics,University of Trieste,Trieste 34100,Italy [2]Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health,UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore,Rome 00168,Italy [3]Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS-UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore,Rome 000168,Italy

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2023年第13期2855-2863,共9页世界临床病例杂志

摘　　要：Fetal growth restriction(FGR),or intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR),is a complication of pregnancy where the fetus does not achieve its genetic growth potential.FGR is characterized by a pathological retardation of intrauterine growth velocity in the curve of intrauterine growth.However,the FGR definition is still debated,and there is a lack of a uniform definition in the literature.True IUGR,compared to constitutional smallness,is a pathological condition in which the placenta fails to deliver an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus.Infants with IUGR,compared to appropriately grown gestational age infants,have a significantly higher risk of mortality and neonatal complications with long-term consequences.Several studies have demonstrated how suboptimal fetal growth leads to long-lasting physiological alterations for the developing fetus as well as for the newborn and adult in the future.The long-term effects of fetal growth retardation may be adaptations to poor oxygen and nutrient supply that are effective in the fetal period but deleterious in the long term through structural or functional alterations.Epidemiologic studies showed that FGR could be a contributing factor for adult chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease,metabolic syndrome,diabetes,respiratory diseases and impaired lung function,and chronic kidney disease.In this review we discussed pathophysiologic mechanisms of FGR-related complications and potential preventive measures for FGR.

关 键 词：Fetal growth restriction Intrauterine chronic hypoxia Long-lasting physiological alterations Cardiovascular disease Metabolic syndrome Obstructive pulmonary disease 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]