抽穗期叶面施用腐植酸改善硬粒小麦生理和农艺性状  

Foliar Application of Humic Acid at Heading Improves Physiological and Agronomic Characteristics of Durum Wheat(Triticum Durum L.)

作　　者：Arzu Mutlu Timucin Tas 王元(译) 孙斌(译) Arzu Mutlu;Timucin Tas;Wang Yuan(translate);Sun Bin(translate)(Department of Organic Agriculture,Akcakale Vocational High School,Harran University,Akcakale District,Sanliurfa,Turkey,01170;Kepsut Vocational High School,Balikesir University,Kasapzade Neighborhood,Balikesir,Turkey,10660;College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,030801)

机构地区：[1]土耳其尚勒乌尔法哈莱大学阿卡卡尔职业高中有机农业系,尚勒乌尔法01170 [2]土耳其巴利克西尔大学凯普苏特职业高中,巴利克西尔10660 [3]山西农业大学园艺学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《腐植酸》2023年第2期53-64,共12页Humic Acid

摘　　要：作物生产因越少使用化学品,作物的质量越好而引起了广泛的关注。有机肥料通常用于满足作物的营养需求,而腐植酸有助于进一步提高有机农业作物的生长和生产力。因此,本研究探讨了腐植酸在改善硬粒小麦生理和农艺性状中的作用。用5种不同用量的腐植酸,即0(H0)、1.5(H1)、2.5(H2)、3.5(H3)和4.5 L/hm^(2)(H4)分别施用于有机小麦的拔节期(SE)和抽穗期(H)。以土耳其广泛种植的硬粒小麦“Burgos”为试验材料,测量叶绿素指数(CI)、旗叶面积(FSA)、脯氨酸含量(PC)、株高(PH)、蛋白质比率(PR)和籽粒产量(GY)的相关数据。腐植酸的用量和生长阶段对不同的生理和农艺性状都有显著影响。结果表明,H0的CI、FSA、PC、PH和GY值最低,而H4的值最高;H0籽粒产量为3882.82kg/hm^(2),H4的腐植酸用量使产量增加到4988.14 kg/hm^(2)(28%)。在试验的第二年,由于天气条件较为温暖和干燥,GY降低,而PC和PR增加。H0中PC值最高,PC值随腐植酸用量的增加而降低。施用腐植酸为植物生长创造了良好的环境。总体而言,在抽穗期施用H4的小麦产量及相关性状最高。因此,建议在抽穗期施用4.5 L/hm^(2)腐植酸,可以提高有机栽培条件下的硬粒小麦产量。Crop production with lesser use of chemicals have attracted significant attention due to better quality.Organic manures are commonly used to fulfill the nutrient requirements of crop plants in organic farming.Humic acid could help to further improve the growth and productivity of crop plants in organic farming.Therefore,this study assessed the role of humic acid in improving physiological and agronomic attributes of durum wheat(Triticum durum L.).Five different doses of humic acid,i.e.,O(HO),1.5(H1),2.5(H2),3.5(H3)and 4.5 L/hm^(2)(H4)were applied at two different phenological stages,i.e.,stem elongation(SE)and heading(H)of wheat in organic field.Durum wheat variety'Burgos'widely cultivated in Turkey was used as plant material.Data relating to chlorophyll index(CI),flag sheet area(FSA),proline content(PC),plant height(PH),protein ratio(PR),and grain yield(GY)were recorded.Different physiological and agronomic traits were significantly affected by humic acid doses and growth stages.Overall,the lowest values of CI,FSA,PC,PH and GY were noted for H0,whereas H4 resulted in the highest values of these traits.Grain yield was 3882.82 kg/hm^(2)in H0 and increased to 4988.14 kg/hm^(2)(28%)in H4 dose of humic acid.The GY was decreased,whereas PC and PR increased in the second year of the experiment due to warmer and drier weather conditions.The highest PC values were noted in HO,and the PC values decreased with the increase in humic acid doses.Humic acid application created favorable growing environments for plant growth.Overall,the application of H4 dose at heading stage resulted in the highest yield and related traits.Therefore,it is recommended that application of 4.5 L/hm^(2)humic acid at heading stage could be used to improve durum wheat yield under organic farming.

关 键 词：腐植酸 籽粒产量 脯氨酸含量 叶绿素指数 回归分析 

分 类 号：TQ444.6[化学工程—化学肥料工业] S512.19[农业科学—作物学]