乾隆末期驻藏大臣成德的事迹及其历史作用  

The Deeds of Chengde,an Amban in Tibet,in the Last Years of the Qianlong's Reign and His Historical Role

作　　者：王川 刘朋乐 WANG Chuan;LIU Pengle(Ba-shu Culture Study Center,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学巴蜀文化研究中心,四川成都610000

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期11-18,共8页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金重大项目“清代驻藏大臣汉文文献整理与研究”阶段性成果,项目号:22&ZD268。

摘　　要：清代乾隆嘉庆朝历史人物钮祜禄·成德(1728—1804年),系满洲正红旗人,早年从征准噶尔、叶尔羌、缅甸,后在平定大小金川、抗击廓尔喀入侵等役中立下赫赫战功,先后担任四川提督、成都将军、驻藏帮办大臣等职。在担任驻藏帮办大臣期间,其参与了《钦定藏内善后章程二十九条》的制定和实施,积极协助和琳、松筠等人处理西藏事务,平定动乱,加强社会治理,为西藏经济的发展和社会的稳定作出了积极贡献。由于任职时间较短和年龄等因素,军人出身的成德在西藏任职不足两年后便调任杭州将军,这制约了其西藏治理的实效。Niohuru Chengde(1728-1804)was a Manchu of Plain Red Banner during the reign of Emperor Qian⁃long and Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty.He served in the conquests of Junggar,Yarkand and Burma in his early years,and later made great achievements in the pacification of Jinchuan and the fight against the Gorkha's inva⁃sion.He successively served as provincial commander-in-chief of Sichuan,General of Chengdu and Amban of Tibet.During his tenure as an Amban in Tibet,he participated in the formulation and implementation of the Twenty-nine Tibet Regulations of the Qing Dynasty,actively assisted He Lin and Song Yun in dealing with Tibet⁃an affairs,pacified the unrest,strengthened social governance,and made positive contributions to the economic development and social stability of Tibet.Due to his short tenure and his age,Chengde,a former soldier,was ap⁃pointed to be General of Hangzhou after serving in Tibet for less than two years,which constrained the effect of his governance of Tibet.

关 键 词：成德 驻藏大臣 乾隆年间 廓尔喀 西藏 

分 类 号：D691.42[政治法律—政治学]