妊娠糖尿病对NICU新生儿听力筛查的影响  

Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Newborn Hearing Screening in NICU

作　　者：赵明慧 张娇[2] 丁海娜[2] 史伟[2] 兰兰[2] 王秋菊[2] Zhao Minghui;Zhang Jiao;Ding Haina;Shi Wei;Lan Lan;Wang Qiuju(School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,310053,China;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital;不详)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学医学技术与信息工程学院,杭州310053 [2]解放军总医院第一医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2023年第3期242-245,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81830028);军队后勤科研计生专项(19JSZ14);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(82222016);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271189,82271171,82171130)。

摘　　要：目的分析母亲妊娠糖尿病对NICU新生儿听力筛查的影响。方法选取2015年1月至2020年12月在NICU接受治疗的430例新生儿,按母亲孕期是否存在糖尿病分为妊娠糖尿病组(88例)与非糖尿病组(342例),两组新生儿均完成DPOAE及AABR联合听力初筛和复筛。应用R软件统计分析两组间的初复筛结果。结果初筛时妊娠糖尿病组和非糖尿病组AABR未通过率分别为61.36%和49.12%,DPOAE+AABR联合筛查未通过率分别为82.95%与71.93%,妊娠糖尿病组筛查未通过率均显著高于非糖尿病组(P<0.05);复筛时妊娠糖尿病组的AABR筛查和DPOAE+AABR联合筛查未通过率仍高于非糖尿病组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论母亲存在妊娠糖尿病可导致新生儿听力筛查未通过率显著增高,复筛时仍高于非妊娠糖尿病组。因此,在临床上要持续关注母亲存在妊娠糖尿病NICU新生儿的听力变化并加强随访。Objective To analyze the effect of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus on newborn hearing screening results in neonatal intensive care unit,and to investigate whether gestational diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for neonatal hearing loss.Methods A total of 430 neonates in the NICU from January 2015 to December 2020 were enrolled in this study.These subjects were divided into the gestational diabetes mellitus group(n=88)and the control group(n=342)according to whether their mothers had gestational diabetes during pregnancy.DPOAE and AABR were both used for initial and secondary hearing screening in the initial and secondary screening.The hearing screening results between the two groups were compared using the R Project.Results The failing rate of the initial AABR screening in the gestational diabetes mellitus group and control group was 61.36%and 49.12%,respectively.The failing rate of the initial DPOAE+AABR combined screening in the gestational diabetes mellitus group and control group was 82.95%and 71.93%,respectively.The failing rates of the initial hearing screening in the gestational diabetes mellitus group were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The failing rates of AABR rescreening and the DPOAE+AABR rescreening in the gestational diabetes group were still higher than the control group,but there were no significant differences between the two groups during rescreening(P>0.05).Conclusion Maternal history of gestational diabetes mellitus could lead to a significantly higher failing rate of initial newborn hearing screening,which was still higher than that in the control group at rescreening.Therefore,we should consistently pay attention to the hearing changes of NICU newborns whose mothers have gestational diabetes during pregnancy,and provide continuous follow-ups.

关 键 词：新生儿听力筛查 妊娠糖尿病 新生儿重症监护室 畸变产物耳声发射 自动听性脑干反应 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]