四阵元微带天线阵列试制与测试  

Development and Testing of 4-element Microstrip Antenna Array

作　　者：段雪峰 闫浩[1,2] 王凯 李健[1,2] 曹亮 裴鑫[1,2] 马军 刘艳玲[1,2] Duan Xuefeng;Yan Hao;Wang Kai;Li Jian;Cao Liang;Pei Xin;Ma Jun;Liu Yanling(Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xinjiang,Urumqi,830011,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆天文台,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆微波技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2023年第3期219-226,共8页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2020D01B60);国家自然科学基金(11973078);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A157);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(2020-XBQNXZ-018);新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题(2020D04014);中国科学院天文台站设备更新及重大仪器设备运行专项经费资助.

摘　　要：将阵列天线放置于射电望远镜焦平面处,结合波束合成网络,可以同时观测一片天区,实现更大的视场覆盖。由于需要对各个阵元的幅度和相位进行调控,阵列天线实际就是一个小型相控阵,因此在做阵列设计时,除了需要结合反射面焦面场分布及望远镜拟实现的视场以外,阵列自身的性能验证可以参照传统相控阵进行。设计并加工了工作在1.27 GHz的2×2矩形排布的微带贴片天线阵列,阵元间距为0.7倍波长。经实测,各端口S11均在-10 dB以下,4阵元合成后波束增益为12.54 dBi,通过为对应阵元添加理论偏移30°的延时线,实测阵列的波束扫描角度为28.3°。上述实测数据与仿真结果相比虽略有差异,这和阵列加工及馈电端口焊接有关,但相关工作为之后更多阵元的阵列天线设计、研制及测试积累了经验,尤其对性能验证具有较高的指导意义。The array antenna is placed at the focal plane of the radio telescope and combined with the beam forming network to observe a sky area at the same time to achieve greater field of view coverage.Because the amplitude and phase of each element need to be adjusted,the array antenna is actually a small phased array.Therefore,during the design of the array in addition to combining the focal field distribution of the telescope and the field of view to be achieved by the telescope,the performance verification of the array itself can refer to the traditional phased array.In this paper a 2×2 rectangular microstrip patch antenna array with element spacing of 0.7 times the wavelength is designed.The measured results show that the S11 of each port is all below-10 dB,and the beam gain after the beamforming of 4 elements is 12.54 dBi.By adding a delay line with a theoretical deviation of 30 degrees to the corresponding element,the beam scanning angle of the array is 28.3 degrees.Although the measured data are slightly different from the simulation results,which is related to array fabrication and feed port welding,the related work has accumulated experience for the design,development and testing of array antenna with more elements,and it has a good guiding significance for performance verification.

关 键 词：接收机 阵列天线 回波损耗 方向图 波束扫描 

分 类 号：P111.5[天文地球—天文学]