以缩小城乡发展差距推动实现共同富裕  

To Narrow the Gap between Urban and Rural Development and Promote Common Prosperity

作　　者：马晓河[1] 杨祥雪 MA Xiao-he;YANG Xiang-xue

机构地区：[1]中国宏观经济研究院 [2]中国社会科学院大学经济学院

出　　处：《改革》2023年第4期1-13,共13页Reform

基　　金：清华大学中国农村研究院2022年重点研究课题“缩小城乡发展差距与推动共同富裕研究”(CIRS2022-2)。

摘　　要：缩小城乡发展差距是实现共同富裕的基本前提,实现共同富裕是缩小城乡发展差距的终极目标。实现共同富裕,最艰巨最繁重的任务仍然在农村,关键群体是农民。农村人口数量多、农民收入水平相对偏低、基础设施不完善、公共服务供给总量不足且结构不优,是现阶段我国农村经济发展的现实基础,也是城乡发展差距存在的主要原因。新时代,在实现中国式现代化过程中,要以低收入人口、种粮农民为重点人群,以居民收入、公共服务、基础设施建设为重点领域,以粮食主产区、脱贫地区为重点区域,持续缩小农村居民在经济生活、卫生健康、文化教育、社会保障等方面与城镇居民之间的差距,推进包括城镇和乡村居民的共同富裕、覆盖城乡区域空间的共同富裕、实现物质文明与精神文明的“双富裕”和有差异的渐进式共同富裕。为此,要以增加农民收入为着力点,以促进农业现代化、积极发展富民产业为抓手,加强农村基础设施和配套服务体系建设,统筹完善社会保障、养老保险、社会救助等基本公共服务制度,加大农村职业教育培训力度,积极推进新型城镇化,深化体制机制改革,为实现共同富裕提供基础性制度安排。Narrowing the gap between urban and rural development is the basic premise for achieving common prosperity,and achieving common prosperity is the ultimate goal of narrowing the gap between urban and rural development.To achieve common prosperity,the most difficult and arduous task is still in the countryside,and the key group is farmers.The large rural population,relatively low income levels of farmers,incomplete infrastructure,insufficient and structurally inadequate public service supply are the practical foundations that China's rural economic development faces at present,and the main reasons for the gap between urban and rural development.In the new era,in the process of achieving Chinese path to modernization,we should focus on low-income population and grain farmers,focus on residents'income,public services and infrastructure construction,and focus on major grain producing areas and poverty alleviation areas.We should continue to narrow the gap between rural residents and urban residents in economic life,health,culture,education,social security,and promote common prosperity,including urban and rural residents common prosperity covering the urban and rural regional space,realizing the dual prosperity of material civilization and spiritual civilization,and the differential progressive common prosperity.To this end,we need to focus on increasing farmers'income,promote agricultural modernization and actively develop industries to enrich the people,strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure and supporting service systems,improve basic public service systems such as social security,pension insurance,social assistance,increase rural vocational education and training,actively promote new urbanization,deepen the reform of systems and mechanisms,and provide basic institutional arrangements for achieving common prosperity.

关 键 词：共同富裕 城乡发展差距 农民增收 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]