星载硬质吸波材料真空功率耐受性能验证  

Tolerance Verification of Satellite Wave-absorbing Materials With Vacuum Power Handling

作　　者：杨文丽[1] 张振杰 郑伟[1] 敬红勇[1] 王超 牛宝华[1] 王保新[1] YANG Wenli;ZHANG Zhenjie;ZHENG Wei;JING Hongyong;WANG Chao;NIU Baohua;WANG Baoxin(Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology,Xi'an 710100)

机构地区：[1]西安空间无线电技术研究所,西安710100

出　　处：《宇航材料工艺》2023年第2期148-152,共5页Aerospace Materials & Technology

摘　　要：星载吸波材料是复杂空间环境条件下天线、微波部组件大功率使用中满足隔离度要求的核心部件。本文研究了星载吸波材料真空功率耐受性能和吸波材料原材料制备工艺关键要素之间的关系,文中首先介绍了星载吸波材料电磁波吸收机理,其电磁参数直接关系到电磁波吸收性能优异与否;接着给出了影响电磁参数稳定性的原材料制备关键要素,以及成型材料的机加工艺特点;随后构建了一套星载吸波材料功率耐受性能的验证平台,开展功率试验;对两种工艺固化方法制备的原材料,分别制作了波导型吸收负载试验件进行试验验证。结果表明:(1)未进行高温预处理的吸波材料,残存未固化的小分子,会导致在高温真空工况下可凝挥发物析出增多,与外导体镀银层发生氧化反应,进而使负载组件的驻波变化率较大;(2)经过高温预处理后的吸波材料,在高温下的真空质损和可凝挥发物均得到了有效控制,其电磁参数也趋于稳定,负载组件的驻波变化率试验前后差异不大。因此,吸波材料原材料工艺制备过程中高温预处理属于关键要素;该工艺固化方法的有效实施将有助于星载吸波材料的应用,提高航天器在轨服役可靠性和安全性。Satellite wave-absorbing material was the core component that met the isolation requirement in the high-power use of antennas and microwave components under complex space environmental conditions.In this paper,the relationship between the vacuum power tolerance of satellite wave-absorbing materials and the key elements of the raw material preparation process was studied.Firstly,the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of satellite wave-absorbing materials was introduced.The electromagnetic parameters of satellite wave-absorbing materials were directly related to the excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance.Secondly,the key factors of raw material preparation which affect the stability of electromagnetic parameters and the machining characteristics of molding materials were given.Then,a set of verification platform for the power tolerance of satellite wave-absorbing materials was constructed to carry out power tests.Waveguide absorption load test pieces were made respectively for the raw materials prepared by two curing methods.The results show that:(1)The uncured small molecules remaining in the wave-absorbing material without high temperature pretreatment lead to the precipitation increase of coagulable volatiles under the condition of high temperature and vacuum,and the oxidation reaction occur with the silver plating layer of the outer conductor,so that the VSWR change rate of the load component is larger.(2)After high temperature pretreatment,the vacuum mass loss and coagulable volatiles of the wave-absorbing materials at high temperature are effectively controlled,and their electromagnetic parameters tend to be stable.There is little difference in the VSWR change rate of the load components before and after the test.Therefore,high temperature pretreatment is the key factor in the process of raw material preparation.The effective implementation of this curing method is helpful to the application of satellite wave-absorbing materials and improve the reliability and safety of spacecraft in orb

关 键 词：星载应用 吸波材料 真空功率耐受 验证 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]