T4003不锈钢激光-电弧复合焊接工艺特性研究  

Process characteristics of laser-arc hybrid welding of T4003 stainless steel

作　　者：赵娇玉 韩景茹 邓玉春 高明 ZHAO Jiaoyu;HAN Jingru;DENG Yuchun;GAO Ming(CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co.Ltd.,Qiqihar 161000,China;Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,齐齐哈尔161000 [2]华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《激光技术》2023年第3期380-385,共6页Laser Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC52275335)。

摘　　要：为了探究复合热源对T4003铁素体不锈钢焊接特性的影响,采用光纤激光-电弧复合焊接研究了工艺参数对接头形貌和组织性能的影响规律,优化了工艺参数,重点分析了焊缝金属和热影响区-40℃低温冲击韧性和提升机理。结果表明,在优化参数下,复合接头性能优异,拉伸试样均断裂于母材,抗拉强度为530 MPa,且180°横向正弯和背弯试验中均未发现裂纹;焊缝金属平均冲击吸收功为50 J,略高于常规电弧接头,但是热影响区平均冲击吸收功提升显著,达到32 J,为电弧接头的3倍,提升的主要原因在于激光-电弧复合焊接的低热输入降低了热影响区粗晶区晶粒尺寸;冲击断口形貌表明,复合接头焊缝金属在终断区尚未出现韧脆转变,仍然以韧窝为主,但是热影响区在中部扩展区出现明显的准解理形貌,开始出现韧脆转变。该研究促进了激光-电弧复合焊接在铁素体不锈钢中的应用。In order to study the influence of hybrid heat sources on welding characteristics of T4003 ferrite stainless steel,the effect of parameters on the morphology and microstructure of laser-arc hybrid weld joints was investigated,and the range of the parameters were optimized.In addition,the impact toughness and enhancing mechanism of weld metal and heat affected zone at-40℃were analyzed emphatically.The results show that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the joint under the optimization parameter are excellent:The tensile fracture occurred in the base material and the tensile strength is 530 MPa,and no crack is found in the 180°transverse bending tests.The average impact absorbed energy of weld metal(50 J)is slightly higher than that of conventional arc welding,and the average impact absorbed energy of heat affected zone is about three times of arc welding(32 J).The reason is that the low heat input of laser-arc hybrid welding refines the coarse grain in heat affected zone.Besides,the impact fracture morphology shows that the final fracture zone of weld metal mainly consists of dimples with no ductile-brittle transition,while the heat affected zone exhibited obvious ductile-brittle transition with quasi-cleavage morphology in the central expansion zone.This study can promote the application of laser-arc hybrid welding in ferritic stainless steel.

关 键 词：激光技术 不锈钢 激光-电弧复合焊接 低温冲击韧性 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接] TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]