径轴流汽轮发电机组模化轴系特性研究  

Research on the Characteristic of Modeled Rotor System of Radial-axial Steam Turbine Generator

作　　者：戴日辉 刘喆 张广辉[2] DAI Ri-hui;LIU Zhe;ZHANG Guang-hui(The Third Military Representative Office of Naval Equipment Department Shenyang Bureau in Harbin,Harbin 150078,China;Institute of Power Machinery and Noise Control,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]海装沈阳局驻哈尔滨地区第三军事代表室,黑龙江哈尔滨150078 [2]哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《节能技术》2023年第2期113-116,124,共5页Energy Conservation Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-l-0007-0008)。

摘　　要：径轴流式汽轮机即具有径流式汽轮机单级作功能力强的特点,同时还具备轴流式汽轮机效率高的优点,从而在汽轮发电机组节能领域具备广阔的应用前景。为了获得径轴流汽轮机组模化转子的动力学特性,解决了汽轮机转子工作速度低于临界速度的问题,本文基于有限单元法将转子划分轴段,并仿真计算转子在刚性支承下和弹性支承下的前两阶临界转速及前两阶振型;搭建模化转子高速试验台,利用光电传感器、电涡流位移传感器、加速度传感器等获取转子的转速信号、位移信号及加速度信号用于获取模化转子的临界转速。研究发现,径轴流式汽轮发电机组模化轴系的试验一阶临界转速与仿真计算结果误差在5%以内,进而为转子工作时转速避开临界转速措施的验证提供了基础。The radial-axial steam turbine has the advantage of strong work ability for single stage,and also has the advantages of high efficiency of axial turbine,so as to have broad application prospects in the field of energy saving of steam turbine generator sets.In order to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the radial axial flow turbine unit model rotor,the problem that the turbine rotor working speed is lower than the critical speed is solved,the paper divides the rotor into shaft segments based on the finite element method and calculates the front of the rotor under rigid support and elastic support.The two-order critical speed and the first two-order mode shapes are obtained;By building a high-speed test bench for the modeled rotor,and using photoelectric sensors,eddy current displacement sensors,acceleration sensors,etc.to obtain the rotor speed signal,displacement signal and acceleration signal to obtain the critical speed of the modeled rotor.The study found that the experimental first-order critical speed of the modeled rotor of the radial-axial steam turbine is within 5%error of the simulation calculation results,and the rotor speed should avoid the critical speed when working.

关 键 词：径轴流式汽轮机 有限单元法 临界转速 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP183[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]