基于Choquet积分法的施工项目劳动力与工期优化探索  

A Choquet Integral Based Approach to Explore Workforce and Duration Optimization for Construction Projects

作　　者：姜柯旺 刘敏 贺川倪 张玉香 王志高 Simon Hsiang JIANG Kewang;LIU Min;HE Chuanni;ZHANG Yuxiang;WANG Zhigao;HSIANG Simon(School of Civil Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Syracuse University,New York 13244,United States;Department of Civil,Construction and Environmental Engineering,North Carolina State University,Raleigh 27695,United States;Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management,The University of North Carolina at Charlotte,Charlotte 28223,United States)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学土木工程学院,山东青岛266033 [2]雪城大学土木与环境工程系,纽约13244 [3]北卡罗莱纳州立大学土木与环境工程系,北卡罗利27695 [4]北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校系统工程与工程管理系,北卡夏洛特28223

出　　处：《土木工程与管理学报》2023年第2期138-149,共12页Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

摘　　要：建筑行业劳动力短缺,探究和理解工期、劳动力成本以及劳动力利用率三个变量的交互与权衡,对于项目做出准确决策,按时交付有重要的作用。本文以在建住宅楼项目为案例,根据不同施工场景构建了75种劳动力分配方案,并采用Takt-time计划法完善施工流程;同时基于Arena模拟平台建立施工流程仿真模型,分析每种劳动力组合方案所需3种变量的数据;最后,使用基于Choquet积分的效用评估与决策工具,研究基于不同项目管理人员的主观偏好下3个变量的交互与权衡。结果表明,本文所提出的方法有效解决了施工过程中的工序搭接混乱、工作面重叠等问题,表现出不同劳动力组合下3个变量的变化情况,并能评估不同劳动力组合在项目施工中的效用,帮助项目做出最满意的劳动力分配方案。The construction industry has been suffering from labor shortage.Understanding the three-way variable interaction among project schedule,labor cost and workforce utilization is critical for accurate decision-making and on-time project delivering.This research used an ongoing residential building as a case study to develop 75 workforce arrangements were developed according to different working scenarios.The research introduced Takt-time planning method to streamline the construction workflow.Meanwhile,a workflow simulation model was established based on the Arena platform to analyze the three-way variable utilization under different workforce arrangements.Finally,this research elaborated the Choquet integral utility evaluation and decision-making tool.The research then investigated the three-way variable tradeoffs based on subjective preferences from various project managers to evaluate the utility of different workforce arrangements.Results show that the method proposed in this paper effectively resolves the issues in activity and workspace overlapping during construction,expresses the three-way variables utilization under various workforce arrangements,and assesses the utility of workforce arrangements during construction.The findings are beneficial for project managers to make the most satisfactory arrangement.

关 键 词：项目管理 劳动力分配 Takt-time CHOQUET积分 

分 类 号：F284[经济管理—国民经济] TU71[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]