面向机载平台的小型超导单光子探测系统  

Miniaturized superconducting single-photon detection system for airborne platform

作　　者：何广龙 薛莉[2] 吴诚 李慧[1] 印睿 董大兴[4] 王昊[1] 徐迟 黄慧鑫 涂学凑[1] 康琳[1] 贾小氢[1] 赵清源[1] 陈健[1] 夏凌昊 张蜡宝[1] 吴培亨[1] He Guang-Long;Xue Li;Wu Cheng;Li Hui;Yin Rui;Dong Da-Xing;Wang Hao;Xu Chi;Huang Hui-Xin;Tu Xue-Cou;Kang Lin;Jia Xiao-Qing;Zhao Qing-Yuan;Chen Jian;Xia Ling-Hao;Zhang La-Bao;Wu Pei-Heng(Reaserch Institute of Superconductor Electronics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Nanjing Institute of Electronic Technology,Nanjing 210039,China;School of Physics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学超导电子学研究所,南京210023 [2]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [3]南京电子技术研究所,南京210039 [4]南京航空航天大学物理学院,南京211106

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第9期347-353,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:12033002,62101240,62071218,62071214,61801206,11227904,62288101);广东省重点领域研究与发展计划(批准号:2020B030302001);江苏省自然科学基金(批准号:BK202010177)资助的课题。

摘　　要：面对宽幅地形测绘和空基大气测量等应用的需求,迫切需要发展能够适应机载平台的低功耗的小型化单光子探测系统.超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)因性能优异,已被应用到量子信息、深空通信和远程激光雷达等领域.然而,常规SNSPD所需低温系统的体积和重量均较大,不易于应用到机载平台.截至目前,国际上还未出现应用于机载平台的SNSPD的相关报道.本文设计并制备了工作温度为4.2 K的SNSPD.超导探测器芯片是光敏面积为60 μm×60 μm的四通道光子数可分辨器件,通过光束压缩系统耦合到直径200 μm的光纤,在温度为4.2 K时量子效率大于50%@1064 nm.最后,测试了单个通道的时间特性,在不同光子数响应的情况下得到了不同的时间抖动,其中四光子响应时的时间抖动最小,半高宽为110 ps.该工作不仅可支撑机载应用,而且对于推动发展通用的小型化SNSPD系统及其应用具有积极意义.Facing the demand for applications such as wide-area terrain mapping and space-based atmospheric measurements,there is an urgent need to develop miniaturized single-photon detection systems with low power consumption that can be adapted to airborne platforms.Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs)have been applied to quantum information,bioimaging,deep space communication and long-range lidar with the advantages of high quantum efficiency,low dark count rate and fast detection rate.However,traditional SNSPD usually operates at 2.1 K or even lower,and the required cryogenic systems are large in size and weight,which are not easy to apply to airborne platforms.Up to now,there has been no report on SNSPD applied to airborne platforms.How to apply SNSPD to airborne platforms is an urgent problem to be solved.In this work,we design and make an SNSPD with an operating temperature of 4.2 K.The superconducting detector chip is a four-channel photon-number-resolving device with a photosensitive area of 60μm×60μm,which is coupled to a 200-μm-diameter fiber by a beam compression system with a quantum efficiency of 50%at 1064 nm and a temperature of 4.2 K.Finally,the time characteristics of a single channel are tested in response to different photon numbers.The timing jitter of four-photon response is smallest,and the half-height width is 110 ps.This work not only supports airborne applications,but also has positive implications for promoting the development of general-purpose miniaturized SNSPD systems and their applications.

关 键 词：超导纳米线单光子探测器 液氦温区 光子数分辨 机载平台 

分 类 号：TN40[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学] O43[机械工程—光学工程]