气候变化对三湖连江灌区水稻生育期和灌溉需水量变化的影响  

Effects of climate change on rice growth period and variation of irrigation water requirement in Sanhu Lianjiang irrigation district

作　　者：朱士江 李凯凯 徐文[1] 丁学军 张国红 朱瑾 贵树彪 张礼杰 ZHU Shijiang;LI Kaikai;XU Wen;DING Xuejun;ZHANG Guohong;ZHU Jin;GUI Shubiao;ZHANG Lijie(Engineering Research Center of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Ecological Environment Ministry of Education,Yichang 443002;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Smart Construction and Management of Water Engineering,Yichang 443002;Jiayu County Water Conservancy and Lake Bureau,Jiayu 421221)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,宜昌443002 [2]水工程智慧建造与管理湖北省重点实验室,宜昌443002 [3]嘉鱼县水利和湖泊局,嘉鱼421221

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第2期191-198,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52000120);湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY202124)共同资助。

摘　　要：为研究气候变化对三湖连江灌区水稻生育期和灌溉需水量变化的影响,利用FAO Penman-Monteith公式计算了嘉鱼县三湖连江水库灌区1982—2021年的水稻灌溉需水量,并通过MK检验和时间序列分解。结果表明:在过去40年里,气温呈极显著上升趋势,而相对湿度、平均风速和日照时数明显下降;水稻生育期平均缩短14.75 d;水稻生育期内ETc上升,占全年的37.6%;多年平均有效降雨量下降,灌溉需水量增大,灌溉需求指数为0.42。水稻生育期缩短和灌溉需水量的增大是由气温、风速、相对湿度、日照等共同作用的结果,有效降水量和灌溉需水量呈相反增长趋势。To study the effects of climate change on rice fertility and irrigation water demand in the Sanhu Lianjiang irrigation district,the FAO Penman-Monteith formula was used to calculate the rice irrigation water demand in the Sanhu Lianjiang reservoir irrigation district of Jiayu county from 1982 to 2021,and MK tests and time series decomposition were done.The results showed that:in the past 40 years,the temperature had increased significantly,while the relative humidity,average wind speed and sunshine hours had decreased significantly;the rice growth period had shortened by 14.75 d on average;the ETc of the rice growth period had increased,accounting for 37.6%of the whole year;the average effective rainfall for many years decreased,the irrigation water demand increased,and the irrigation demand index was 0.42.The shortening of rice growth period and the increase of irrigation water demand are the result of the combined effect of temperature,wind speed,relative humidity,sunshine,etc..The effective rainfall and irrigation water demand show an opposite increasing trend.

关 键 词：水稻生育期 参照作物腾发量 灌溉需水量 趋势分析 有效降水量 

分 类 号：S511.071[农业科学—作物学]