天山花楸的天然更新及其影响因子  

Natural regeneration of Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.and its influencing factors

作　　者：陈兵权 赵善超 古丽米热·艾合买提 郭来珍 陈鑫悦 陈虹[1] CHEN Bingquan;ZHAO Shanchao;GULIMIRE Aihemaiti;GUO Laizhen;CHEN Xinyue;CHEN Hong(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industry Technology in Arid Region,Education Department of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830052;Natural Forest Protection Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院/新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点试验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区天然林保护中心,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第2期206-212,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区林业与草原局天然林资源保护修复项目(XJTB20201104);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(花楸种子休眠原因研究);自治区天山英才计划(第三期);新疆农业大学博士后流动站共同资助。

摘　　要：天山花楸是我国新疆天山林区重要的伴生树种,具有较高的观赏价值。通过分析天山花楸的天然更新特征与环境因子的关系,以期为天山花楸野生资源保育和天山花楸的种群扩繁提供理论依据。在踏查调查法的基础上,根据调查区林分坡向、坡位、坡度、海拔的不同设置45个50 m×50 m的标准样地,研究分析了天山花楸的天然更新特点以及影响其天然更新的因素。结果表明:(1)天山花楸在天山中段不同坡向的天然更新分布情况由高到低的分别为半阴坡、阴坡和半阳坡占比各为60.31%、37.98%和1.71%,阳坡没有天山花楸分布。(2)天山花楸在天山中段天然更新的主要海拔范围为1900~2100 m,更新株数占调查总数的71.70%。(3)Ⅰ级地径≤0.1 cm、Ⅱ级地径为0.2cm、Ⅲ级地径为0.3cm和Ⅳ级地径为0.4~2cm的幼苗比例占总径级的94.00%,各自分别占比23.15%、29.70%、24.32%和16.83%,Ⅴ—Ⅷ级的总幼苗占总径级的比例仅仅为6.00%,同时Ⅳ级向Ⅴ级径级幼苗的转化率为8.48%,则严重阻碍了天山花楸幼苗的天然更新。(4)天山花楸幼苗的树高与土壤含水量(r=0.99*)、全K(r=0.98*)呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与容重(r=﹣0.95*)呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。(5)通过冗余分析(RDA),阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡、土壤含水量、容重、全K、全P、全N、有机质、有效P、碱解氮及pH值12个环境因子对天山花楸更新影响的总解释量为96.6%。总之,天山花楸种群在天山中段,正处于退化阶段,土壤含水量、全K含量和容重在天山花楸天然更新中对幼苗的生长有着显著影响,土壤容重的增加不利于天山花楸的更新。Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.is not only an important associated tree species,but also has a high ornamental value in the Tianshan Forest Region of Xinjiang,China.In order to provide a theoretical basis for conservation of wild resources and population expansion of S.tianschanica Rupr.,the relationship between natural regeneration characteristics and environmental factors was analyzed.In this study,45 standard plots of 50 m×50 m were set up according to different slope aspects,slope positions,slope and altitude of the investigation area,and the characteristics and influencing factors of natural regeneration of S.tianschanica Rupr.were studied.The results showed:(1)The distribution of natural regeneration in different slope directions of S.tianschanica Rupr.in the middle part of the Tianshan Mountains from high to low was semi-shady slope,shady slope,semi-sunny slope and sunny slope,which accounted for 60.31%,37.98%,1.71% and 0%,respectively.(2)The optimum altitude ranges for natural regeneration of S.tianschanica Rupr.in the middle part of the Tianshan Mountains was 1900-2100 m,and the number of regeneration plants in this altitude range accounted for 71.70% of the total number.(3)The seedling proportion of the ground diameter≤0.1 cm(grade Ⅰ),≤0.2 cm(grade Ⅱ),≤0.3 cm(grade Ⅲ)and ground diameter of 0.4-2 cm(grade Ⅳ)accounted for 94.00% of the total diameter class,and which accounted for 23.15%,29.70%,24.32%and 16.83%,respectively;the ratio of the seedlings of grade Ⅴ-Ⅷ to the total diameter class was only 6.00%,and the conversion rate from grade Ⅳ to gradeⅤwas 8.48%,which seriously hindered the natural regeneration of S.tianschanica Rupr.seedlings.(4)The seedling height of S.tianschanica Rupr.was significantly positively correlated with the soil water content(r=0.99*)and total K(r=0.98*),and negatively correlated with the bulk density(r=﹣0.95)(P<0.05).(5)Through RDA analysis,the total explanatory capacity of 12 environmental factors,such as shady slope,semi-shady slope,semi-sunny slope,soil wa

关 键 词：天山花楸 天然更新 径级转化 土壤理化性质 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S792.25[农业科学—林木遗传育种]