数字产业渗透、全球生产网络与非对称技术溢出  

Digital Industry Penetration,Global Production Network and Asymmetric Technology Spillover

作　　者：刘维林[1] 程倩 LIU Wei-lin;CHENG Qian(College of Economic and Social Development,Nankai University;Digital Economy Interdisciplinary Science Center,Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济与社会发展研究院、数字经济交叉科学中心 [2]南开大学经济与社会发展研究院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2023年第3期96-114,共19页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代区域协调发展战略研究”(批准号20JZD028);南开大学亚洲研究中心项目“新发展格局下中国制造产业链高质量发展的动力来源、传导机理与升级路径”支持。

摘　　要：数字产业带有鲜明的技术进步外部性特征,通过生产网络对各产业部门形成的技术溢出是推动宏观全要素生产率增长的重要动力源。本文构建了一个包含中性技术进步和成本加成的生产网络一般均衡模型,剖析了技术进步网络传导的机理和数字产业与非数字产业技术溢出的异质性,进而利用两区制空间自回归估计方法和世界投入产出数据,实证考察了数字产业在全球生产网络中的技术进步及数字产业渗透所带来的非对称溢出效应。研究发现:①研究期间全球数字产业的全要素生产率年平均增长率为1.69%,而通过数字产业渗透所提供和吸收的技术溢出效应分别为2.95%和0.97%;②中国数字产业的自身技术进步速度低于美国、日本等发达国家,但为全球生产网络提供的技术溢出效应较大,在推动全球产业技术进步方面发挥了重要作用;③不同数字细分产业的技术进步与溢出效应存在较大差异,计算机电子和光学产品制造业是全要素生产率增长最快的产业,也是产生技术溢出最多的产业;④数字产业的技术溢出效应存在非对称性,绝大多数数字产业提供的技术溢出大于吸收的技术溢出。从全球生产网络的视角考察数字产业的技术溢出效应,对于更好地利用数字经济赋能高质量发展具有重要意义。Due to the rapid development of the global value chains(GVCs)over the past three decades,industries in various countries have been increasingly integrated into the global production network,promoting the diffusion of technological advances among participants.However,the technology spillover effect of the global production network in recent years has weakened because of the increasing uncertainty about the international environment,the COVID-19 pandemic,and the backlash against globalization since the 2008 financial crisis.Fortunately,the penetration and integration of digital technology become a positive factor in improving value chain collaboration.The integration of the digital economy and industry has promoted the imitation,application,and dissemination of new knowledge and technologies,and the technology spillover from digital industries in the production network has become one of the important driving forces for total factor productivity(TFP)growth.As a result,a better understanding of the mechanism of technology spillovers and an accurate measure of these spillovers are conducive to promoting the high-quality development of China's economy.The idea of this paper is as follows.To begin with,a general equilibrium model of the production network with Hicks-neutral technologies and a markup over cost is constructed to examine the mechanism of transmitting technological progress.Then,considering the difference between digital industries and non-digital industries in technological progress,intermediates penetrations,and markups,the asymmetry spillovers among industries are analyzed from a theoretical perspective.After that,the paper develops the production function with a spatial autoregressive model and measures the spillover effects of the global digital industries by using the matrices of output elasticities for the factor inputs.This paper uses the maximum likelihood estimation method for parameter estimation of the production function which explicitly takes into account heterogeneous technology spillovers am

关 键 词：全球生产网络 数字产业 全要素生产率 非对称技术溢出 空间计量 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]