制造业投入数字化、价值链分工与劳动技能溢价  

Digitalization of Manufacturing Input,Division of Global Value Chains and Labor Skill Premium

作　　者：丛钰涵 李月[1] Cong Yuhan;Li Yue

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2023年第4期123-136,共14页Finance & Economics

基　　金：南开大学文科发展基金科学研究类一般项目“海峡两岸经济融合发展指数构建及影响因素研究”(ZB22BZ0209);亚洲研究中心资助项目“新格局下两岸产业融合高质量发展研究”(AS2222)的资助。

摘　　要：投入数字化的发展引致企业生产环境趋于复杂化且向技能劳动偏移,但现有文献并未重视这样是否会扩大不同性质劳动力的收入分配差距。本文在理论模型的基础上,运用我国投入产出数据分析了制造业投入数字化发展、价值链分工与劳动技能溢价之间的关系。结果表明:制造业投入数字化和价值链分工均会显著提升劳动技能溢价,且数字化投入对于技能溢价的影响是非线性的,即价值链分工水平会强化这一影响;异质性分析区分了国内和国外投入来源并发现国内数字化投入占主导地位,与技能溢价呈显著正相关,而国外投入并没有发挥明显作用;制造业投入数字化与价值链分工会通过任务模型框架下的替代效应、生产率效应以及创造和创新效应三种渠道作用于技能溢价;进一步分析表明,投入数字化对技能溢价的影响同时存在于行业内部与上下游行业间。因此,应关注投入数字化的三种渠道和价值链分工深化的影响,规避由劳动技能溢价而带来的收入分配差距扩大风险。The development of input digitization induces the production environment of enterprises to become more complex and shift to skilled labor,but the existing literature has not paid much attention to whether this will widen the income distribution gap of different types of labor.On the basis of constructing a theoretical model,this paper uses the data of our country's input-output table to analyze the relationship between the digitization of manufacturing input,the division of the global value chains and the skill premium.The results show that both the digitization of manufacturing input and the division of the global value chains will significantly increase skill premium,and the impact of digital input on skill premium is non-linear,that is,level of division of the global value chain will strengthen this effect;Then identified domestic and foreign input sources and believed that domestic inputs were dominant and were significantly positively correlated with skill premium,while foreign inputs did not play a significant role;The digitization of manufacturing input and the division of global value chains work on the skill premium through three channels:substitution effect,productivity effect and creation and innovation effect under the framework of the task model;Further analysis shows that the impact of input digitalization on skill premiums not only exists within the industry,but also has spillover effects between upstream and downstream industries.

关 键 词：制造业投入数字化 价值链分工 劳动技能溢价 任务模型 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]