德保猪的繁殖性能研究  

Study on reproductive performances of Debao pigs

作　　者：谭冰冰 袁依依 杨日旺 胡效东 唐雯丽 黎宗强[1] TAN Bingbing;YUAN Yiyi;YANG Riwang;HU Xiaodong;TANG Wenli;LI Zongqiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第8期43-47,135,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区科技计划项目重点研发计划项目(AB16380072);广西大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20220100611)。

摘　　要：为了研究德保猪的繁殖性能,试验采集了75,82,113,115,120日龄德保母猪卵巢,利用石蜡切片方法对德保母猪的初情期进行研究;选择8头后备德保母猪和9头经产德保母猪对其发情周期进行研究;统计20头初产德保母猪和5头经产德保母猪的产仔数据,计算母猪窝平均产仔数、仔猪平均出生重、公母比例(公∶母)、出生存活率和35 d断奶存活率;观察14头德保小公猪的爬跨行为对其初次爬跨行为进行研究;采集15,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,43,44,45,46,47,49,51,53,55,62,70日龄德保公猪睾丸,利用石蜡切片方法对德保公猪睾丸初次产生精子的日龄进行了研究。结果表明:德保母猪的初情期在120日龄左右,后备和经产德保母猪发情周期分别为(26.00±2.00)d和(23.89±1.97)d,差异显著(P<0.05);初产德保母猪的窝平均产仔数为(7.45±1.80)头,显著小于经产德保母猪[(10.00±2.10)头,P<0.05],但初产德保母猪的仔猪平均出生重、公母比例(公∶母)、出生存活率、35 d断奶存活率与经产德保母猪差异不显著(P>0.05);德保小公猪最早出现爬跨的日龄是8日龄;德保公猪睾丸初次产生精子的日龄是45日龄。说明德保母猪具有发情周期长的特点,德保公猪是较早出现爬跨行为、曲细精管较早出现精子的品种之一,具有明显的性早熟特征。In order to study the reproductive performances of Debao pigs,the ovaries of 75,82,113,115,120-day-old Debao sows were collected and paraffin sections were made for the study of initial ostrus of Debao sows.The estrus cycles of 8 gilts and 9 multiparous Debao sows were studied.Litter data of 20 primiparous Debao sows and 5 multiparous Debao sows were counted,and the average litter size of sows,average birth weight of piglets,proportion of boars to sows(boars∶sows),birth survival rate and 35-day-old weaning survival rate were calculated.The mounting behavior of 14 Debao piglets were observed and the first mounting behavior was researched.The testicles of 15,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,43,44,45,46,47,49,51,53,55,62,70-day-old Debao boars were collected and paraffin sections were made for the study of the age of the first sperm production in the testicles of Debao boars.The results showed that the initial estrus period of Debao sows appeared at 120 days of age approximately.The estrus cycle of replacement Debao gilts and multiparous Debao sows were(26.00±2.00)d and(23.89±1.97)d,respectively,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The average litter size of primiparous Debao sows[(7.45±1.80)]was significantly less than that of multiparous Debao sows[(10.00±2.10)](P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in average birth weight of piglets,proportion of boars to sows(boars∶sows),birth survival rate and 35-day-old weaning survival rate between primiparous Debao sows and multiparous Debao sows(P>0.05).The earliest mounting behavior of Debao boars was at 8 days old.The age of the first sperm in the seminiferous tubule was 45 days old.The results indicated that Debao sows had the characteristics of long oestrus cycle;Debao boars were one of the breeds with the earliest mounting behavior and the earliest spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules,which had obvious characteristics of precocious puberty.

关 键 词：德保猪 初情期 发情周期 产仔特性 初次爬跨行为 精子 

分 类 号：S813.9[农业科学—畜牧学]