一种海洋界面中频声散射特性测量系统设计及应用  

Design and application of a system for measuring acoustic scattering characteristics of marine interfaces at mid-frequency

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作  者:于盛齐 刘保华 于凯本 杨志国 阚光明 宗乐 YU ShengQi;LIU BaoHua;YU KaiBen;YANG ZhiGuo;KAN GuangMing;ZONG Le(Qingdao Innovation and Development Base,Harbin Engineering University,Qingdao 266000,China;Laboratory for Marine Geology,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266061,China;National Deep Sea Center,Qingdao 266237,China;First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区:[1]哈尔滨工程大学,青岛创新发展基地,青岛266000 [2]崂山实验室,海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室,青岛266061 [3]国家深海基地管理中心,青岛266237 [4]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出  处:《中国科学:技术科学》2023年第4期644-656,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基  金:国家自然科学基金(批准号:41527809);哈尔滨工程大学青年科学家培育基金资助项目。

摘  要:针对目前国内外缺乏海洋界面(包括海面和海底)中频(1~10 kHz)声散射特性测量装置及相关技术研究不足的现状,本文介绍了一种用于测量不同海面/海底环境条件下,中频、前向/后向散射强度的系统,给出了系统组成、关键技术和主要性能指标,提出了配套的海洋界面声散射数据处理方法.该系统采用参量阵作为声源,突破了宽带参量阵技术、多通道相控技术和机械旋转控制技术,具有窄指向性、宽带、大功率和相控发射的优势;采用自容式潜标进行接收,突破了弱散射信号拾取与采集技术,可实现散射信号的精准、同步、大动态范围采集.2022年1月,“深海一号”科考船搭载该系统在我国南黄海海域开展了初步应用.该系统填补了我国海洋界面声散射特性专用测量装置的空白,其获取的数据将弥补国际上海洋界面中频散射实验数据的不足,有助于明确海洋界面散射的机理,揭示海洋界面散射的新规律.Considering the lack of instruments for measuring the acoustic scattering characteristics of marine interfaces and the insufficiency of related technical research,a system for acquiring both forward and back scattering strengths at mid-frequency under different environmental conditions of the sea surface and seafloor is introduced.The components,key technologies,and primary performance metrics of the system are presented,and a proposed data-processing method for the acoustic scattering of marine interfaces is also provided.The source is a parametric acoustic array that breaks through technologies of a broadband parametric array,multichannel phase control,and mechanical rotation control and possesses advantages of narrow beam width,broadband,high power,and phased transmission.The receiver is a self-contained subsurface buoy that overcomes pickup and acquisition technologies for weak scattering signals and collects scattering signals accurately,synchronously,and in a wide dynamic range.The scientific research ship Deep Sea 1conducted a preliminary application of the system in the South Yellow Sea of China in January 2022.The system has fulfilled the need for specialized instruments for determining the acoustic scattering properties of marine interfaces in our country.The data obtained by the system will enable the international distribution of experimental information on the scattering from marine interfaces at mid-frequency,as well as new information on the mechanisms and guidelines governing this scattering.

关 键 词:声散射 海洋界面 中频 参量声基阵 相控 自容式 宽频水听器 

分 类 号:TB52[理学—物理] P733.2[理学—声学]

 

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