喷雾机预混装置动态流场分析与参数优化  

Dynamic Flow Field Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Premixing Device of Spray

作　　者：孙文峰[1] 王进 常晋恺 王昊[1] 卢佳琪 竹筱歆 SUN Wenfeng;WANG Jin;CHANG Jinkai;WANG Hao;LU Jiaqi;ZHU Xiaoxin(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第4期83-95,共13页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-09-P23)。

摘　　要：针对喷雾机预混装置预混时间长、预混效果及均匀性参差不齐等植保作业中存在的实际问题,基于现有喷雾机预混装置,结合田间作业过程中1000 L喷雾机农药制剂使用量和预混药液输送需求,确定了预混药箱、预混喷头、上药阀等关键部件的基础参数。采用ANSYS-Fluent对不同液面高度时预混动态流场特性进行分析,得到预混药箱内流场的动态分布规律;采用二次回归正交旋转中心组合优化试验方法,以预混喷头工作压力和空间位置参数为影响因素,药液均匀度变异系数为评价指标,利用多岛遗传算法优化获得预混效果较好的参数组合:预混喷头工作压力0.3 MPa、与底部平面距离200 mm、与背部垂直平面的距离70 mm。针对粉剂农药进行场地试验,结果表明:预混药液均匀度变异系数为32.99%;上药阀在压力0.2~0.5 MPa下稳定送药,无回流现象。In view of the practical problems existing in plant protection operations such as long premixing time,uneven premixing effect and uniformity of the premixing device of the spray,based on the existing sprayer premixing device,the basic parameters of key components such as premixing tank,premixing nozzle and feeding valve were determined by combining the pesticide formulation usage and premixing liquid delivery demand of 1000 L sprayer in the field operation process.ANSYS Fluent was used to analyze the dynamic flow field characteristics of premixing at different liquid level heights,and the dynamic distribution law of the flow field in the premixing tank was obtained.Using the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination optimization test method,taking the working pressure and spatial position parameters of the premixed nozzle as the influencing factors,and the variation coefficient of the uniformity of the liquid pesticide as the evaluation index,the multi island genetic algorithm was used to optimize and obtain a better premixed parameter combination:the working pressure of the premixed nozzle is 0.3 MPa,the distance from the bottom plane is 200 mm,and the distance from the back vertical plane is 70 mm.Field tests were conducted on powdered pesticides,and the results showed that the coefficient of variation of uniformity of the premixed solution was 32.99%.The feeding valve delivers the pesticide stably at a pressure of 0.2~0.5 MPa without backflow.

关 键 词：喷雾机 预混装置 预混喷头 上药阀 

分 类 号：S49[农业科学—植物保护]