有机肥侧抛装置螺旋叶片辅助辊轮设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Spiral Blades Auxiliary Roller of Organic Fertilizer Side Throwing Device

作　　者：刘宏新[1,2] 赵一健 解勇涛 张一鸣 尚家杰 LIU Hongxin;ZHAO Yijian;XIE Yongtao;ZHANG Yiming;SHANG Jiajie(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suqian College,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]宿迁学院机电工程学院,宿迁223800

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第4期107-119,共13页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：黑龙江省第一层次领军人才梯队后备带头人基金项目([2017]487)。

摘　　要：为解决现有对置斜盘有机肥侧抛装置在抛撒时存在的近处肥料堆积与局部起垄问题,结合侧抛装置各部件作用及工作原理,在理论分析的基础上设计一种对称螺旋叶片辅助辊轮,并优化其关键结构参数和作业参数,明确了其与主抛撒部件圆盘的空间位置关系。利用EDEM软件先后开展了单因素与响应面仿真试验,研究了辊轮转速、螺旋角和叶片数对均匀度变异系数和1 m内肥料占比的影响,优化后得到了最优参数组合。仿真结果表明,辅助辊轮工作时的最优参数组合为辊轮转速2238 r/min、螺旋角42.70°、叶片数4,均匀度变异系数24.45%、1 m内肥料占比24.96%,且以该参数组合进行仿真的结果优于原辊轮最优参数仿真结果;设计的辅助辊轮样机试验结果为均匀度变异系数25.46%、1 m内肥料占比25.65%,相较于原辅助辊轮的46.77%与65.94%有了很大改善,配合主盘共同作用时抛撒均匀性好,无堆积和起垄现象。研究表明:对称螺旋叶片可有效修正肥料颗粒运动方向,使主盘集中的非受控肥料向两侧分散,与主盘及其他辅助部件联合作用下大幅提高了抛撒性能。In order to solve the problems of near fertilizer accumulation and local ridging in the existing side throw device for organic fertilizer with inclined opposite discs,combined with the function and working principle of each component of side throw device,an auxiliary roller with symmetrical spiral blade was innovated on the basis of theoretical analysis,the key structural parameters and operating parameters were optimized,and the spatial position relationship between the side throw device and the discs of the main throwing component was clarified.Single factor and response surface experiments were carried out by EDEM software,the effects of roller speed,helix angle and blade number on uniformity coefficient of variation and fertilizer proportion within 1 m were studied,the optimal parameter combination was obtained after optimization.The simulation results showed that the optimal parameter combination of auxiliary roller was roller speed of 2238 r/min,helix angle of 42.70°,number of blades of 4,coefficient of variation of uniformity of 24.45%,fertilizer proportion within 1 m of 24.96%,and the simulation results with this parameter combination were better than those with the optimal parameters of the original roller.Test results of new auxiliary roller after innovative design were 25.46%and 25.65%,which were greatly improved compared with 46.77%and 65.94%of the original auxiliary roller,when combined with the main discs throwing uniformity was good,no accumulation and ridging phenomenon occurred.The results showed that symmetric spiral blades can effectively correct the movement direction of fertilizer particles,so that the non⁃controlled fertilizers concentrated in the main discs were dispersed on both sides.Combined with the main disc and other auxiliary components,the throwing performance was greatly improved.

关 键 词：有机肥侧抛 辅助辊轮 对称螺旋叶片 

分 类 号：S22[农业科学—农业机械化工程]