铝佐剂的吸附作用及其在疫苗中的应用  

Adsorptive effect of aluminum adjuvants and their application in vaccines

作　　者：解慧聪 王婷婷[1] 刘建凯[1] XIE Hui-cong;WANG Ting-ting;LIU Jian-kai(Center of Research and Development,Bejing Minhai Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Center of Research of Novel Combination Vaccine Engineering Technology in Bejing,Bejing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京民海生物科技有限公司研发中心、北京市新型联合疫苗工程技术研究中心,北京102600

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2023年第2期76-81,共6页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：铝佐剂(aluminum adjuvant)是人用疫苗生产中应用最广泛的一种佐剂,已使用了近百年。随着研究者对铝佐剂的研究深入,人们对铝佐剂的理化性能、吸附效果、吸附后抗原结构及稳定性变化的了解越来越全面。缓冲溶液、pH、离子强度及其他相关辅料影响铝佐剂对疫苗抗原的吸附作用和吸附后抗原结构的稳定性。这些吸附条件的变化对改进疫苗制剂配方、优化疫苗生产工艺提供重要参考。同时,随着多种新型疫苗的研发,疫苗对佐剂的要求越来越高。新型纳米铝佐剂和复合佐剂因具有较高的免疫增强功能成为铝佐剂研究的新方向。现就目前常用铝佐剂的理化性能、铝佐剂对抗原的吸附作用、吸附对抗原结构稳定性的影响及新型铝佐剂的研究作一概述。Aluminum compounds have been used as adjuvants in practical vaccination for nearly 100 years and are at present the most widely used adjuvants in human vaccines. With the in-depth study of aluminum-based adjuvants, people have a more comprehensive understanding of the adjuvant characteristics ranging from the physicochemical properties and the adsorptive effect to antigen structure variety and stability after adsorption. Buffer solution types, pH value, ionic strength and other related excipients are all crucial factors that affect the effect of antigen adsorption onto aluminum adjuvants and the stability of antigen structure. The changes in these parameters provide important references for improving the formulation and production process of vaccine. In addition, the emerging new vaccines ask for significantly higher requirements for adjuvants. Nano aluminum adjuvants and compound adjuvants have become a newly born research direction of aluminum adjuvants due to their high immune enhancement potency. In this paper, the physicochemical properties of common aluminum adjuvants, effects on antigen adsorption, influences of integrity and stability of antigen structure after adsorption, and researches on novel aluminum adjuvants are reviewed briefly.

关 键 词：铝佐剂 理化性能 吸附作用 抗原结构 纳米铝佐剂 复合佐剂 

分 类 号：R392.1[医药卫生—免疫学]