俄乌冲突下的美国对俄技术遏制战略及启示  

U.S.Technology Containment Strategy towards Russia under Russia-Ukraine Conflict and Its Implications

作　　者：侯冠华 HOU Guanhua(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2023年第4期62-74,共13页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究专项“中美科技竞争前景展望研究”(22VMG039)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：俄乌冲突爆发后,美国对俄罗斯实施了高烈度的技术遏制,在西方全面对俄技术遏制的过程中发挥着最为核心的作用。美国对俄技术遏制的主要战略目标是最大限度地削弱俄罗斯进行对外军事行动的能力。美国对俄技术遏制战略以出口管制和金融制裁为核心,主要举措包括大幅强化对俄技术出口管制、对俄技术领域实施金融制裁以及组建对俄技术遏制联盟。从实际效能来看,美国对俄技术遏制战略的目标在一定程度上初步实现,俄罗斯扩大军事行动的能力受到了削弱。美国对俄技术遏制战略对中俄技术合作产生负面影响,同时该战略可能会为美国未来的对华技术遏制战略提供参照。中国应在规避美国二级制裁风险的情况下继续与俄罗斯开展科技合作,同时积极应对美国不断强化对华技术遏制的可能趋势。Since the inauguration of the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the U.S.has implemented impressive technology containment strategy towards Russia,and this action has played a key role in the Western countries’efforts to contain Russia in the technology domain.The strategic objective of the U.S.technology containment towards Russia is to contain Russia’s military operational capability.By developing export controls and financial sanctions as pivotal measures,the U.S.has implemented technology containment strategy towards Russia in three ways.The first is that the U.S.has unilaterally strengthened its policies of export controls towards Russia.The second is that the U.S.has implemented financial sanctions against Russia’s technology sectors.The third is that the U.S.has tried to form a coalition of technology containment towards Russia.The U.S.technology containment strategy towards Russia has preliminarily achieved its objectives,and it has undermined the technology cooperation between China and Russia.The strategy has also reflected the model for the implementation of the technology containment strategy towards China.China should continue cooperation over science and technology with Russia under the condition that the second sanctions posed by the U.S.has been avoided.In addition,China should actively cope with the tendency that the U.S.will increasingly strengthen its technology containment strategy towards China.

关 键 词：俄乌冲突 美国 俄罗斯 技术遏制 出口管制 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]