河南省草莓棒孢叶斑病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性  

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing Corynespora leaf spot of strawberry in Henan Province

作　　者：薛彩英 武海燕[2] 马庆周 侯梦圆 徐惠媛 徐超 张猛[1] Xue Caiying;Wu Haiyan;Ma Qingzhou;Hou Mengyuan;Xu Huiyuan;Xu Chao;Zhang Meng(College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan Province,China;Analytical Instrument Center,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学测试中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第2期402-412,共11页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：河南省科技攻关(192102110164);河南省自然科学基金青年(202300410200)。

摘　　要：为明确河南省草莓棒孢叶斑病病原菌,采用组织分离法对其进行分离纯化,通过形态学和分子生物学手段对其进行鉴定,并对其致病性、寄主范围及生物学特性进行测定,同时对其前期侵染过程进行显微观察。结果表明,从草莓病叶中共分离得到5株形态特征一致的菌株,其菌落中央略隆起,呈浅灰褐色,边缘呈白色,气生菌丝绒毛状且致密;分生孢子呈圆柱形或倒棍棒形,大小为30~252µm×5~10µm,呈半透明至浅棕色,假隔膜6~17个,基脐加厚;基于ITS、EF-1α和TUB序列的系统发育分析结果显示,代表菌株ZM170455与不同寄主来源的多主棒孢霉Corynespora cassiicola聚为同一分支;该病原菌寄主范围广,除草莓外还能侵染黄瓜、辣椒和空心菜等10种经济作物,形成典型病斑。根据形态学特征和分子生物学特征将河南省草莓棒孢叶斑病病原菌鉴定为多主棒孢霉C.cassiicola。多主棒孢霉侵染前期,其分生孢子萌发产生芽管,而芽管顶端可在远离气孔的位置形成类似附着胞的结构。多主棒孢霉最适温度范围为25~30℃,最适pH为6~10,在光暗交替条件下菌丝生长最快,最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为KNO_(3)和NaNO_(3)。To clarify the pathogen causing Corynespora leaf spot of strawberry in Henan Province,isolates were obtained from diseased leaves and purified by single-spore or hyphal-tip transfer,and then identified based on the morphological and molecular biological methods.Its pathogenicity,host range and biological characteristics were determined,and its infection at the early stage was observed under microscope.These results showed that a total of five strains with the same morphological characteristics were isolated from the diseased parts of strawberry leaves.Their colonies were all grayish brown with central uplift,white edge,and dense and villous hyphae.Conidia of the strains were cylindrical or inverted rod-shaped,30-252µm×5-10µm in size,translucent to light brown,with 6-17 pseudoseptums and thickened basal umbilici.Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS,EF-1αand TUB sequences showed that the representative strain ZM170455 was well clustered with the Corynespora cassiicola isolates from different hosts.Besides strawberry,this isolate could also infect other ten commercial crops,including cucumber,pepper and water spinach,resulting in typical disease spots.According to its morphological and molecular biological characteristics,the pathogen of Corynespora leaf spot of strawberry in Henan Province was finally identified as C.cassiicola.During the early infection stage of C.cassiicola on strawberry,its conidia germinated to produce germ tubes,and at the top of the germ tubes,appressorium-like structures formed away from the stomas.The optimum temperature range for hyphal growth of C.cassiicola was 25-30℃,and the optimal pH range was 6-10.Alternation of light and dark was the most favorable for mycelia growth.Glucose was the optimum carbon source for hyphal growth of C.cassiicola while the optimum nitrogen sources were potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate.

关 键 词：草莓棒孢叶斑病 多主棒孢 病原鉴定 侵染过程 形态学特征 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]